Genres used in Language Teaching:
1. Article:
- Definition:
An article is a written piece that aims to inform, entertain, or persuade
readers about a particular subject. It can cover a wide range of topics,
from news and features to opinions and analyses.
- Characteristics:
Articles are often characterized by a formal or semi-formal tone,
structured paragraphs, and a clear introduction and conclusion. They may
include facts, statistics, and expert opinions to support the information
presented.
- Purpose:
The purpose of an article is to provide readers with comprehensive
information on a specific topic. It may not involve direct interaction
with the audience and tends to be more informative than interactive.
2. Letter:
- Definition:
A letter is a written or printed communication addressed to a person or
organization. In business settings, letters serve as a common mode of
communication for various purposes.
- Characteristics:
Business letters are characterized by a formal tone, specific formatting
(date, salutation, body, closing), and a direct address to the recipient.
They can convey information, make requests, offer solutions, or express
sentiments.
- Purpose:
Business letters facilitate personalized and direct communication. They
are suitable for addressing customers, conveying important information,
resolving issues, expressing appreciation, or initiating a business
relationship.
3. Description:
- Definition:
Description involves providing a detailed account or portrayal of a
specific subject, emphasizing its sensory aspects.
- Characteristics:
Descriptive texts focus on creating vivid images by using sensory details
such as sight, sound, touch, taste, and smell. They aim to evoke a sensory
experience for the reader.
- Purpose:
While descriptions can be part of business communication (e.g., product
descriptions), the overall goal is not limited to providing sensory
details. Business-related texts aim for effective communication, often
involving interaction and customer engagement beyond mere description.
4. Report:
- Definition:
A report is a detailed document that presents information, analysis, and
recommendations based on research, investigation, or data collection.
- Characteristics:
Reports typically have a formal structure with sections such as
introduction, methodology, findings, analysis, conclusions, and
recommendations. They may include charts, graphs, or tables for clarity.
- Purpose:
While reports are common in business settings for conveying detailed
information, they are not directly aligned with the objective of producing
interactive and personalized communication with customers. Reports are
more analytical and objective in nature.
5. Narrative:
a.
Definition: Narratives tell a story and
are often used to develop creative writing skills. They include elements such
as characters, plot, setting, and dialogue.
b.
Purpose: Enhances storytelling abilities,
creativity, and the use of descriptive language.
6. Dialogue:
a.
Definition: Dialogues involve a
conversation between two or more characters. They are beneficial for practicing
conversational language and understanding social interactions.
b.
Purpose: Improves dialogue writing skills
and fosters comprehension of conversational language.
7. Poem:
a.
Definition: Poems are literary
expressions characterized by rhythmic and metaphorical language. They help
learners explore the poetic elements of language.
b.
Purpose: Encourages creativity,
expression, and an appreciation for poetic language.
8. Exposition:
a.
Definition: Expositions aim to explain or
describe a topic in a clear and organized manner. They help students develop
skills in presenting information.
b.
Purpose: Develops the ability to convey
information systematically and logically.
9. Argumentative
Essay:
a.
Definition: Argumentative essays present
a viewpoint on a specific issue and provide supporting evidence to persuade the
reader. They enhance persuasive writing skills.
b.
Purpose: Cultivates critical thinking,
persuasive writing, and the ability to support opinions with evidence.
10.
Review:
a.
Definition: Reviews evaluate and critique
a piece of work, such as a book, movie, or product. They involve expressing
opinions and justifying them.
b.
Purpose: Develops analytical thinking,
critical evaluation, and the ability to express opinions clearly.
11.
Interview:
a.
Definition: Interviews involve a
conversation between an interviewer and interviewee. They help students
practice asking and answering questions.
b.
Purpose: Enhances conversational skills,
question formation, and responses in an interview setting.
12.
Advertisement:
a.
Definition: Advertisements aim to promote
a product, service, or idea. They involve persuasive language and visual
elements.
b.
Purpose: Develops skills in persuasive
writing, understanding advertising strategies, and creating compelling
messages.
