PSTET 2026
(Inservice) Paper - 2
Child Development Pedagogy (CDP)
1. In child development, learning is most influenced by:
a) Fixed genetic traits alone.
b) Maturation providing readiness for new skills.
c) External teaching methods ignoring maturation.
d) Repetition without considering developmental readiness.
Correct Answer: (b) Maturation providing readiness for new skills.
Explanation: Learning is most
effective when a child is developmentally ready. Maturation provides the
internal timetable for acquiring new abilities; teaching that aligns with this
readiness leads to meaningful learning. Ignoring maturation can cause
frustration or failure.
Additional Info: This concept is linked to
Gesell’s maturation theory and Piaget’s stages of cognitive development.
Teachers should assess developmental readiness before introducing complex
tasks, ensuring that instruction matches the child’s natural growth patterns.
2. Parents contribute to socialization by providing:
a) Only academic instruction.
b) Emotional security and values.
c) Peer competition exclusively.
d) Teacher-like discipline alone.
Correct Answer: (b) Emotional security and
values.
Explanation: Socialization begins at home, where
parents offer emotional safety, model values, and teach acceptable behaviour.
This foundation helps children develop trust, empathy, and cultural norms.
Academic instruction alone or harsh discipline does not foster holistic social
growth.
Additional Info: Family is the primary agent of
socialization. Parenting styles (authoritative, authoritarian, permissive)
greatly affect a child’s social skills. Emotional security from parents boosts
self‑confidence and healthy peer relationships later.
3. Teachers aid socialization through:
a) Punishing all social interactions.
b) Modelling behaviour and group rules.
c) Limiting contact with parents.
d) Focusing solely on academics.
Correct Answer: (b) Modelling behaviour and
group rules.
Explanation: Teachers demonstrate positive
social behaviours and establish classroom rules that encourage cooperation,
respect, and empathy. By modelling and reinforcing appropriate interactions,
they help children learn to work in groups and follow societal norms.
Additional Info: Schools are secondary
socialisation agents. Teacher modelling of fairness, active listening, and
conflict resolution directly shapes students’ social skills. Group activities,
role‑play, and class meetings further strengthen these lessons.
4. A critical perspective on Piaget's theory is that he:
a) Ignored individual differences in developmental pace.
b) Overemphasized biology alone.
c) Underestimated cultural roles.
d) Focused only on peers.
Correct Answer: (c) Underestimated cultural
roles.
Explanation: Critics argue that Piaget placed
too little emphasis on how culture, social interaction, and language
(emphasised by Vygotsky) shape cognitive development. Cross‑cultural studies
show that children’s thinking can vary significantly depending on their
cultural environment and adult guidance.
Additional Info: Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory
complements Piaget by highlighting the role of guided learning and cultural
tools. Modern developmental psychology recognises both maturational stages and
cultural context as essential influences on children’s thinking.
5. Kohlberg's theory of moral development is primarily
critiqued for:
a) Cultural bias in moral stages.
b) Ignoring cognitive development.
c) Overvaluing emotions in moral judgment.
d) Overvaluing emotional reasoning in moral decisions.
Correct Answer: (a) Cultural bias in moral
stages.
Explanation: Kohlberg’s stages were based on
research with mostly Western, male participants, leading to accusations that
his model favours individualistic, justice‑oriented moral reasoning over
communal or care‑based ethics common in other cultures and genders.
Additional Info: Carol Gilligan argued that
Kohlberg overlooked an “ethics of care” more typical of female moral
development. Moral reasoning also varies across collectivist vs. individualist
societies; teachers should respect diverse moral frameworks in the classroom.
6. Child-centred education prioritizes:
a) Teacher-directed rote learning.
b) Child's interests and active exploration.
c) Standardized testing only.
d) Uniform curriculum pace.
Correct Answer: (b) Child's interests and active
exploration.
Explanation: In child‑centred education, the
learner’s needs, interests, and natural curiosity drive the curriculum.
Children learn best by doing, exploring, and constructing their own
understanding, rather than passively receiving information.
Additional Info: This approach draws from Dewey,
Piaget, and Montessori. It promotes intrinsic motivation, critical thinking,
and personalised learning. Teachers act as facilitators, designing activities
that match each child’s developmental level and curiosity.
7. A key feature of progressive education is:
a) Rigid classroom seating.
b) Hands-on, experiential learning.
c) Lecture-based instruction.
d) Memorization drills.
Correct Answer: (b) Hands-on, experiential
learning.
Explanation: Progressive education, inspired by
John Dewey, emphasises learning through direct experience, problem‑solving, and
real‑world projects. It moves away from rote memorisation and passive listening
toward active engagement and reflection.
Additional Info: Progressive classrooms feature
group work, experiments, field trips, and integrated curricula. Students learn
to think critically and collaborate, preparing them for democratic citizenship
and lifelong learning.
8. Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences includes:
a) Single logical ability only.
b) Linguistic, musical, and kinesthetic types.
c) Academic scores alone.
d) Test performance metrics.
Correct Answer: (b) Linguistic, musical, and
kinesthetic types.
Explanation: Gardner proposed that intelligence
is not a single general ability but a set of distinct modalities, including
linguistic, logical‑mathematical, musical, bodily‑kinesthetic, spatial,
interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic. This broad view recognises
diverse talents.
Additional Info: Teachers can apply this theory
by offering varied learning activities (e.g., songs, movement, art, debates) so
that every student can leverage their strengths. It encourages inclusive,
differentiated instruction beyond traditional IQ tests.
9. In elementary school children, thought evolves
alongside:
a) Advanced vocabulary acquisition.
b) Declining symbolic play.
c) Fixed and unchanging mental structures.
d) Ignoring social dialogue.
Correct Answer: (a) Advanced vocabulary
acquisition.
Explanation: As children’s vocabulary expands,
they gain the ability to think more abstractly, categorise experiences, and
express complex ideas. Language and thought are closely intertwined – richer
vocabulary enables clearer reasoning and problem‑solving.
Additional Info: Vygotsky emphasised that
language is a primary tool for cognitive development. Elementary teachers
should promote rich oral and written language experiences (discussions,
storytelling, reading) to simultaneously boost vocabulary and thinking skills.
10. An educational practice to counter gender bias
involves:
a) Segregated classrooms.
b) Promoting equal participation.
c) Fixed role assignments.
d) Ignoring existing stereotypes.
Correct Answer: (b) Promoting equal
participation.
Explanation: Actively ensuring that both boys
and girls participate equally in all activities (e.g., science, sports,
leadership) challenges stereotypical beliefs and provides all children with the
same learning opportunities. This reduces gender bias in academic and career
aspirations.
Additional Info: Teachers can use gender‑neutral
language, assign classroom jobs without stereotypes, choose diverse reading
materials, and mix groups deliberately. Addressing unconscious bias during
teacher training is also crucial.
11. Inclusive education for disadvantaged learners
focuses on:
a) Separate special classes exclusively.
b) Integrating learners with peer support.
c) Ignoring home backgrounds.
d) Applying uniform teaching methods to all.
Correct Answer: (b) Integrating learners with
peer support.
Explanation: Inclusive education means that
disadvantaged or differently‑abled children learn alongside their peers in
mainstream classrooms, with necessary supports (e.g., peer tutoring, assistive
technology, differentiated instruction). This fosters belonging and academic
growth for all.
Additional Info: India’s RTE Act and RPwD Act
promote inclusive education. Effective inclusion requires teacher training,
flexible curriculum, and a school culture that celebrates diversity – not
segregation or ignoring individual needs.
12. Effective support for socio-economically deprived
children involves:
a) Extra resources and remediation.
b) Exclusion from mainstream classes.
c) Maintaining standard expectations only.
d) Punishment for developmental delays.
Correct Answer: (a) Extra resources and
remediation.
Explanation: Children from low‑income
backgrounds often lack access to books, nutrition, and enrichment. Providing
additional resources (free meals, learning materials) and targeted remediation
helps close the achievement gap and supports their overall development.
Additional Info: Government schemes like Mid‑Day
Meal, scholarships, and provision of uniforms/books help. Schools should also
offer counselling, bridge courses, and parent engagement programmes to address
socio‑economic barriers.
13. Children with learning difficulties benefit most
from:
a) Ignoring their specific challenges.
b) Individualized teaching strategies.
c) Group punishment for errors.
d) Accelerated pacing of the curriculum.
Correct Answer: (b) Individualized teaching
strategies.
Explanation: Learning difficulties (e.g.,
dyslexia, dyscalculia) require tailored approaches – multisensory instruction,
extra time, assistive technology, and step‑by‑step scaffolding. A one‑size‑fits‑all
method fails; individualised plans maximise each child’s potential.
Additional Info: Under RTE and RPwD, schools
must provide reasonable accommodations. Teachers can use differentiated
instruction, IEPs (Individualised Education Programmes), and regular progress
monitoring to support these learners effectively.
14. Creative children thrive best with:
a) Structured memorization exercises.
b) Open-ended projects and tasks.
c) Tasks requiring fixed, single correct answers.
d) Minimal teacher feedback.
Correct Answer: (b) Open-ended projects and
tasks.
Explanation: Creativity flourishes when children
have freedom to explore, experiment, and generate multiple solutions. Open‑ended
tasks (e.g., design a new game, write an alternative story ending) encourage
divergent thinking, imagination, and intrinsic motivation.
Additional Info: Teachers should provide choice,
value unique ideas, and create a safe environment where mistakes are seen as
learning opportunities. Structured drills and rigid answers suppress creative
potential, especially in gifted or artistically inclined students.
15. School 'failure' most often stems from:
a) Lack of innate ability solely.
b) Mismatch between teaching approach and learner readiness.
c) A perfectly designed curriculum.
d) Ignoring student motivation.
Correct Answer: (b) Mismatch between teaching
approach and learner readiness.
Explanation: When instruction is too advanced,
too slow, or not aligned with a child’s developmental stage or learning style,
the child struggles and may “fail”. Changing the teaching method to match the
learner’s readiness usually turns failure into success.
Additional Info: This is the core of Vygotsky’s
Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD). Effective teachers assess each child’s
current level and provide just‑right challenges. Blaming innate ability ignores
the powerful role of appropriate instruction.
16. The teaching-learning process centrally involves:
a) One-way transfer of knowledge from teacher to student.
b) Interaction and continuous feedback loops.
c) Ignoring the child's input entirely.
d) Rigidly following fixed lesson plans.
Correct Answer: (b) Interaction and continuous
feedback loops.
Explanation: Learning is an active, two‑way
process. Teachers present information, students respond, teachers provide
feedback, and students adjust their understanding. This cycle of interaction
and feedback makes learning dynamic and personalised.
Additional Info: Modern pedagogy emphasises
dialogue, questioning, formative assessment, and reflection. Passive listening
(lecture‑only) is far less effective than interactive strategies like think‑pair‑share,
group discussions, and hands‑on activities.
17. Viewing learning as a social activity highlights the
importance of:
a) The superiority of solitary study.
b) Collaboration and group work.
c) Competition over cooperation.
d) Keeping the teacher isolated.
Correct Answer: (b) Collaboration and group
work.
Explanation: Social learning theories (Vygotsky,
Bandura) show that children learn through interaction with peers and adults –
discussing, explaining, and co‑constructing knowledge. Group work, peer
tutoring, and cooperative projects deepen understanding and build communication
skills.
Additional Info: Cooperative learning structures
(e.g., Jigsaw, think‑pair‑share) are more effective than individual seatwork
for complex problem‑solving. Social interaction also develops empathy,
leadership, and conflict resolution abilities.
18. The cognition-emotion link in learning shows that:
a) Thinking is purely rational and emotion-free.
b) Feelings significantly shape problem-solving.
c) Emotions always hinder thinking.
d) Cognition and emotion operate in entirely separate brain areas.
Correct Answer: (b) Feelings significantly shape
problem-solving.
Explanation: Emotions influence attention,
memory, and decision‑making. Positive emotions (curiosity, joy) enhance
creative problem‑solving, while anxiety or fear can block cognitive processing.
Effective teaching addresses both cognitive and emotional needs.
Additional Info: Brain research confirms that
the amygdala (emotion) and prefrontal cortex (thinking) are strongly connected.
Teachers should create a safe, supportive climate and help students regulate
emotions to optimise learning.
19. Personal factors that influence learning include:
a) Prior knowledge and attitudes.
b) Classroom wall colour only.
c) The teacher's salary.
d) The school's budget.
Correct Answer: (a) Prior knowledge and
attitudes.
Explanation: What a child already knows and how
they feel about learning (motivation, self‑efficacy, curiosity) strongly affect
their ability to absorb new information. Personal factors are internal to the
learner, unlike environmental resources.
Additional Info: Teachers should activate prior
knowledge before introducing new topics and foster positive attitudes through
success experiences, relevance, and growth mindset praise. Personal factors
interact with environmental factors (e.g., support, resources).
20. Environmental factors in learning encompass:
a) Family support and availability of resources.
b) The child's innate traits alone.
c) Ignoring peer relationships.
d) Fixed genetics.
Correct Answer: (a) Family support and
availability of resources.
Explanation: Environmental factors include home
environment, parental involvement, school infrastructure, learning materials,
peer relationships, and community support. These external conditions can either
enable or hinder a child’s learning, independent of innate ability.
Additional Info: A stimulating environment
(books, educational toys, encouragement) boosts cognitive development. Teachers
can help by involving parents, providing resource‑rich classrooms, and building
positive peer norms.
21. Optimal learning conditions balance:
a) Personal motivation and a supportive environment.
b) Environment while ignoring personal traits.
c) Personal factors to the exclusion of all else.
d) Only external pressures and demands.
Correct Answer: (a) Personal motivation and a
supportive environment.
Explanation: Learning is most effective when the
child’s internal drive (curiosity, interest, self‑belief) is matched with an
external setting that provides safety, resources, encouragement, and
appropriate challenges. Neither factor alone guarantees success.
Additional Info: Bronfenbrenner’s ecological
systems theory highlights how personal characteristics and environmental layers
(family, school, community) interact. Teachers should nurture intrinsic
motivation while arranging a positive physical and social environment.
22. A major educational implication of Erikson's
'Industry vs. Inferiority' stage is that teachers should:
a) Compare children publicly using examination marks.
b) Provide tasks where every child can experience some success.
c) Focus exclusively on homework completion.
d) Ignore children's feelings about failure.
Correct Answer: (b) Provide tasks where every
child can experience some success.
Explanation: During elementary years (ages
6–12), children develop a sense of competence (industry) or feel inferior if
they constantly fail. Teachers must design achievable yet challenging tasks so
that all students can succeed at something, building self‑confidence and a work
ethic.
Additional Info: Avoid public comparisons or
harsh grading. Use differentiated assignments, praise effort and improvement,
and offer constructive feedback. Success experiences in school prevent long‑lasting
feelings of inadequacy.
23. A child who talks aloud to herself/himself while
solving a puzzle is showing:
a) Disruptive behaviour.
b) Private speech supporting self-regulation.
c) Lack of attention.
d) A language delay.
Correct Answer: (b) Private speech supporting
self-regulation.
Explanation: Vygotsky described private speech
(talking to oneself) as a critical tool for planning, guiding actions, and
solving problems. Children use it to think through steps and control their
behaviour – it is a sign of cognitive development, not a disorder.
Additional Info: Private speech typically
emerges around age 3 and becomes internalised as inner speech by age 7 or 8.
Teachers should not suppress it; instead, allow quiet self‑talk during
challenging tasks, especially in early grades.
24. A teacher using 'scaffolding' in the classroom will:
a) Give the entire solution to every problem immediately.
b) Provide temporary, targeted support and gradually withdraw it.
c) Leave students to work entirely without any assistance.
d) Punish students for asking questions.
Correct Answer: (b) Provide temporary, targeted
support and gradually withdraw it.
Explanation: Scaffolding means offering just
enough help to keep a child in their Zone of Proximal Development (Vygotsky).
As the child gains mastery, the teacher reduces support (fading), transferring
responsibility to the learner. It is never permanent.
Additional Info: Examples: prompts, graphic
organisers, modelling, or breaking a task into smaller steps. Effective
scaffolding requires ongoing assessment of what the child can do with and
without help.
25. When a child behaves well primarily to gain teacher
praise, the behaviour is controlled mainly by:
a) Intrinsic motivation.
b) Extrinsic reinforcement.
c) Biological maturation.
d) Physical fatigue.
Correct Answer: (b) Extrinsic reinforcement.
Explanation: Extrinsic motivation comes from
outside rewards or punishments – here, teacher praise. The child behaves not
because they value the behaviour itself (intrinsic), but to obtain external
approval. Over‑reliance on extrinsic rewards can undermine internal drive.
Additional Info: Teachers should gradually shift
from extrinsic reinforcers (stickers, praise) to intrinsic ones by highlighting
the inherent satisfaction of learning and good behaviour (e.g., “You must feel
proud of helping your friend”).
26. To foster intrinsic motivation in students, a teacher
should:
a) Depend mainly on rewards and prizes.
b) Emphasize marks and grades over learning.
c) Design tasks that are meaningful and genuinely interesting to children.
d) Use the fear of punishment as a motivator.
Correct Answer: (c) Design tasks that are
meaningful and genuinely interesting to children.
Explanation: Intrinsic motivation arises when
students find the activity itself enjoyable, relevant, or personally satisfying
– not for external rewards. Authentic, curiosity‑driven tasks (real‑world
problems, choice in projects) fuel this internal desire to learn.
Additional Info: Autonomy (choice), competence
(success experiences), and relatedness (social connection) boost intrinsic
motivation, per Self‑Determination Theory. Over‑justification effect shows that
excessive rewards can reduce intrinsic interest.
27. Emotional regulation in elementary school children
can be best supported by:
a) Allowing no expression of feelings in the classroom.
b) Teaching children to name, discuss, and understand their emotions.
c) Ignoring emotional outbursts.
d) Punishing any display of sadness.
Correct Answer: (b) Teaching children to name,
discuss, and understand their emotions.
Explanation: Emotional regulation develops
through awareness and vocabulary. When teachers help children label feelings
(e.g., “I see you are frustrated”), discuss causes, and practise calming
strategies, children learn to manage emotions constructively rather than
suppress or explode.
Additional Info: Social‑Emotional Learning (SEL)
programmes (e.g., RULER, Zones of Regulation) teach emotion ID, self‑control,
and empathy. A classroom “feelings chart” or daily check‑ins normalises
emotional expression as a learnable skill.
28. A classroom climate that supports emotional wellbeing
is one where the teacher:
a) Relies on fear of strict discipline.
b) Builds trusting relationships and genuinely listens to students.
c) Focuses exclusively on syllabus coverage.
d) Avoids any discussion of feelings.
Correct Answer: (b) Builds trusting
relationships and genuinely listens to students.
Explanation: Emotional safety comes from feeling
valued, heard, and respected. A teacher who listens without judgment, shows
empathy, and maintains consistent, fair routines creates a secure base where
children can take academic risks and express themselves without fear.
Additional Info: Authoritative (warm + firm)
classrooms outperform authoritarian (strict + cold) or permissive ones. Morning
meetings, class circles, and one‑on‑one check‑ins build trust and reduce
anxiety, improving both behaviour and learning.
29. Peer tutoring is especially useful in classrooms
because it:
a) Eliminates the need for teachers entirely.
b) Promotes cooperation and shared understanding.
c) Increases unhealthy competition among students.
d) Benefits only high-achieving learners.
Correct Answer: (b) Promotes cooperation and
shared understanding.
Explanation: Peer tutoring pairs students to
help each other learn. It fosters cooperation, as both tutor and tutee explain,
question, and clarify concepts – often in language peers understand better.
Both participants deepen their knowledge and social skills.
Additional Info: Structured peer tutoring (e.g.,
same‑age or cross‑age) improves academic achievement, self‑esteem, and
classroom relationships. It is especially effective for struggling learners and
for reinforcing concepts for higher‑achieving tutors.
30. Cooperative learning groups help children develop:
a) Only individual memorization skills.
b) Social skills, communication, and responsibility.
c) Isolation from classmates.
d) Dependence on the teacher alone.
Correct Answer: (b) Social skills,
communication, and responsibility.
Explanation: In cooperative learning, students
work together toward a common goal, requiring them to listen, share ideas,
negotiate, and hold each other accountable. This builds teamwork, verbal
expression, and a sense of collective responsibility – skills essential beyond
school.
Additional Info: Effective cooperative learning
includes positive interdependence (sink or swim together), individual
accountability, and group processing. Methods like STAD, Jigsaw, and Think‑Pair‑Share
promote academic and social gains simultaneously.
PUNJABI
31. "ਚੁੱਲ੍ਹਾ-ਚੌਂਕਾ" ਕਿਹੜਾ ਸ਼ਬਦ ਹੈ?
a) ਵਿਰੋਧੀ ਸ਼ਬਦ
b) ਧਾਤੂ
c) ਸਮਾਸੀ ਸ਼ਬਦ
d) ਬਹੁਆਰਥਕ ਸ਼ਬਦ
Correct Answer: (c) ਸਮਾਸੀ ਸ਼ਬਦ
Explanation: “ਚੁੱਲ੍ਹਾ-ਚੌਂਕਾ” ਦੋ ਸ਼ਬਦਾਂ
ਨੂੰ ਮਿਲਾ ਕੇ
ਇੱਕ ਨਵਾਂ ਮਿਸ਼ਰਿਤ
ਸ਼ਬਦ ਬਣਾਇਆ ਗਿਆ ਹੈ,
ਜਿਸ ਨੂੰ ਸਮਾਸੀ
ਸ਼ਬਦ ਕਹਿੰਦੇ ਹਨ।
ਇਹ ਦੋਵੇਂ ਰਸੋਈ
ਨਾਲ ਸੰਬੰਧਿਤ ਚੀਜ਼ਾਂ
ਨੂੰ ਇਕੱਠਾ ਦਰਸਾਉਂਦੇ
ਹਨ।
Additional Info: ਸਮਾਸੀ
ਸ਼ਬਦ ਦੋ ਜਾਂ
ਦੋ ਤੋਂ ਵੱਧ
ਸ਼ਬਦਾਂ ਦੇ ਮੇਲ
ਤੋਂ ਬਣਦੇ ਹਨ,
ਜਿਵੇਂ ‘ਘਰ-ਪਰਿਵਾਰ’,
‘ਰੋਟੀ-ਕਪੜਾ’। ਇਹ
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਆਮ ਵਰਤੇ
ਜਾਂਦੇ ਹਨ ਅਤੇ
ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਨੂੰ ਸੰਖੇਪ ਤੇ
ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵਸ਼ਾਲੀ ਬਣਾਉਂਦੇ ਹਨ।
32. "ਸੰਯੁਕਤ,
ਵਡੇਰੇ ਪਰਿਵਾਰਾਂ ਦੀ ਸਾਂਝ" ਵਿੱਚ
"ਵਡੇਰੇ" ਕਿਹੜਾ ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਣ ਹੈ?
a) ਗੁਣਵਾਚਕ ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਣ
b) ਸੰਖਿਆਵਾਚਕ ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਣ
c) ਨਿਰਦੇਸ਼ਕ ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਣ
d) ਸੰਬੰਧਕ ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਣ
Correct Answer: (a) ਗੁਣਵਾਚਕ ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਣ
Explanation: ‘ਵਡੇਰੇ’
ਇੱਕ ਗੁਣ (ਵੱਡਾ
ਹੋਣਾ) ਦਰਸਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ, ਇਸ
ਲਈ ਇਹ ਗੁਣਵਾਚਕ
ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਣ ਹੈ।
ਇਹ ਪਰਿਵਾਰ ਦੇ
ਆਕਾਰ ਜਾਂ ਦਰਜੇ ਦੀ
ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਤਾ ਬਿਆਨ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ।
Additional Info: ਗੁਣਵਾਚਕ
ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਣ ਗੁਣ, ਰੰਗ, ਆਕਾਰ,
ਅਵਸਥਾ ਆਦਿ ਦੱਸਦੇ ਹਨ
(ਜਿਵੇਂ ਚੰਗਾ, ਮੋਟਾ, ਲਾਲ)। ਸੰਖਿਆਵਾਚਕ ਗਿਣਤੀ
(ਪੰਜ, ਦਸ) ਅਤੇ ਨਿਰਦੇਸ਼ਕ
ਇਸ਼ਾਰਾ (ਇਹ, ਉਹ) ਦਰਸਾਉਂਦੇ
ਹਨ।
33. "ਅਗਲਾ
ਵਾਰ ਦੇਣ ਤੋਂ ਪਹਿਲਾਂ, ਪਹਿਲੇ ਵਾਰ ਨੂੰ ਪੂਰੀ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਸੁੱਕ ਲੈਣ ਦਿੱਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ" ਵਿੱਚ "ਪੂਰੀ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ" ਕਿਹੜਾ ਰੂਪ ਹੈ?
a) ਨਾਂਵ
b) ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਣ
c) ਕਿਰਿਆ ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਣ
d) ਸਿਫ਼ਤ
Correct Answer: (c) ਕਿਰਿਆ ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਣ
Explanation: ‘ਪੂਰੀ
ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ’ ਕਿਰਿਆ ‘ਸੁੱਕਣ’ ਦੀ
ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਤਾ ਦੱਸਦਾ ਹੈ – ਕਿਵੇਂ
ਸੁੱਕਣਾ ਹੈ? ਪੂਰੀ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ। ਇਸ ਲਈ
ਇਹ ਕਿਰਿਆ ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਣ
(Adverb) ਹੈ।
Additional Info: ਕਿਰਿਆ
ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਣ ਕਿਰਿਆ ਦੀ ਢੰਗ,
ਸਮਾਂ, ਸਥਾਨ ਜਾਂ ਮਾਤਰਾ
ਬਾਰੇ ਦੱਸਦਾ ਹੈ।
ਉਦਾਹਰਨ: ਤੇਜ਼ ਦੌੜਨਾ, ਹੌਲੀ
ਬੋਲਣਾ, ਬਹੁਤ ਖਾਣਾ।
34. ਪੈਰੇ
ਅਨੁਸਾਰ "ਚੁੱਲ੍ਹਾ-ਚੌਂਕਾ" ਦੀ ਸਾਂਝ ਦਾ
ਮੁੱਖ ਅਰਥ ਕੀ ਹੈ?
a) ਆਰਥਿਕ ਵਿਕਾਸ
b) ਪਰਿਵਾਰਕ ਏਕਤਾ
c) ਧਾਰਮਿਕ ਰਸਮਾਂ
d) ਖੇਤੀਬਾੜੀ ਪ੍ਰਣਾਲੀ
Correct Answer: (b) ਪਰਿਵਾਰਕ ਏਕਤਾ
Explanation: ਪੈਰੇ
ਵਿੱਚ ‘ਚੁੱਲ੍ਹਾ-ਚੌਂਕਾ’ ਇੱਕ
ਸਾਂਝ ਨੂੰ ਦਰਸਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ
ਜੋ ਵੱਡੇ ਪਰਿਵਾਰਾਂ
ਵਿੱਚ ਰਸੋਈ ਅਤੇ ਭੋਜਨ
ਨੂੰ ਸਾਂਝਾ ਕਰਨ
ਦੇ ਰੂਪ ਵਿੱਚ
ਏਕਤਾ ਨੂੰ ਉਜਾਗਰ ਕਰਦਾ
ਹੈ।
Additional Info: ਪੰਜਾਬੀ
ਸੱਭਿਆਚਾਰ ਵਿੱਚ ‘ਚੁੱਲ੍ਹਾ-ਚੌਂਕਾ’
ਸਾਂਝ ਭਾਈਚਾਰਕ ਸਹਿਯੋਗ ਅਤੇ
ਰਿਸ਼ਤਿਆਂ ਦੀ ਨਿਸ਼ਾਨੀ
ਹੈ। ਇਹ
ਆਰਥਿਕ ਵਿਕਾਸ ਨਾਲੋਂ ਸਮਾਜਿਕ
ਏਕਤਾ ਨੂੰ ਵਧੇਰੇ ਪ੍ਰਗਟ
ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ।
35. "ਚੱਕਵਾਂ
ਜਾਂ ਚਾਵਾ ਚੁੱਲ੍ਹਾ" ਦੀ ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਤਾ ਕੀ
ਹੈ?
a) ਇਹ ਮਿੱਟੀ ਦਾ ਨਹੀਂ
ਹੁੰਦਾ
b) ਇਹ ਸਿਰਫ ਬਾਹਰ ਵਰਤਿਆ
ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ
c) ਇਸ ਨੂੰ ਇੱਕ ਥਾਂ
ਗੱਡਿਆ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੁੰਦਾ
d) ਇਹ ਸਿਰਫ ਵੱਡੇ ਘਰਾਂ
ਵਿੱਚ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ
Correct Answer: (c) ਇਸ ਨੂੰ
ਇੱਕ ਥਾਂ ਗੱਡਿਆ
ਨਹੀਂ ਹੁੰਦਾ
Explanation: ਚੱਕਵਾਂ
ਜਾਂ ਚਾਵਾ ਚੁੱਲ੍ਹਾ
ਪੋਰਟੇਬਲ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ, ਜਿਸ
ਨੂੰ ਇੱਕ ਥਾਂ
ਤੋਂ ਦੂਜੀ ਥਾਂ
ਲਿਜਾਇਆ ਜਾ ਸਕਦਾ
ਹੈ, ਸਥਾਈ ਤੌਰ
‘ਤੇ ਗੱਡਿਆ ਨਹੀਂ
ਹੁੰਦਾ। ਇਹ ਲੋਹੇ
ਜਾਂ ਮਿੱਟੀ ਦਾ
ਬਣਿਆ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ।
Additional Info: ਪੰਜਾਬੀ
ਰਸੋਈ ਸਭਿਆਚਾਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਚੱਕਵਾਂ
ਚੁੱਲ੍ਹਾ ਖਾਣੇ ਬਣਾਉਣ ਲਈ
ਅਸਥਾਈ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਸੀ, ਖਾਸ
ਕਰਕੇ ਵਿਆਹਾਂ ਜਾਂ ਖੁੱਲ੍ਹੀ
ਥਾਂ ‘ਤੇ।
ਵੱਡੇ ਸਥਾਈ ਚੁੱਲ੍ਹੇ ਮਿੱਟੀ
ਦੇ ਬਣੇ ਹੁੰਦੇ
ਸਨ।
36. "ਉਹਨਾਂ
ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਚੁੱਲ੍ਹੇ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਅੱਗ ਬਾਲਣ ਦੀ ਲੋੜ ਨਹੀਂ
ਰਹਿੰਦੀ" ਵਿੱਚ "ਉਹਨਾਂ" ਦਾ ਵਿਆਕਰਨਕ ਰੂਪ
ਹੈ:
a) ਨਾਂਵ
b) ਪੜਨਾਂਵ
c) ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਣ
d) ਕਿਰਿਆ ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਣ
Correct Answer: (b) ਪੜਨਾਂਵ
Explanation: ‘ਉਹਨਾਂ’
ਸ਼ਬਦ ਕਿਸੇ ਨਾਂਵ (ਵਿਅਕਤੀ
ਜਾਂ ਵਸਤੂ) ਦੀ
ਥਾਂ ਵਰਤਿਆ ਗਿਆ
ਹੈ, ਇਸ ਲਈ
ਇਹ ਪੜਨਾਂਵ (Pronoun) ਹੈ। ਇਹ ਤੀਜੇ
ਪੁਰਖ, ਬਹੁਵਚਨ, ਨਿਸ਼ਚੇ ਵਾਲਾ
ਪੜਨਾਂਵ ਹੈ।
Additional Info: ਪੜਨਾਂਵ
ਦੀਆਂ ਕਿਸਮਾਂ: ਪੁਰਖ-ਵਾਚਕ
(ਮੈਂ, ਤੂੰ, ਉਹ), ਨਿਸ਼ਚੇ-ਵਾਚਕ (ਇਹ, ਉਹ),
ਪ੍ਰਸ਼ਨ-ਵਾਚਕ (ਕੌਣ?)।
‘ਉਹਨਾਂ’ ਪੁਰਖ-ਵਾਚਕ ਦੀ
ਉਦਾਹਰਨ ਹੈ।
37. "ਚੁੱਲ੍ਹੇ-ਨਿਉਂਦਾ" ਦਾ ਸਾਂਸਕ੍ਰਿਤਿਕ ਅਰਥ
ਹੈ:
a) ਰੋਜ਼ਾਨਾ ਖਾਣਾ ਬਣਾਉਣਾ
b) ਵੱਖਰੇ ਘਰ ਬਣਾਉਣਾ
c) ਚੁੱਲ੍ਹਾ ਤਿਆਰ ਕਰਨਾ
d) ਸਾਰੇ ਪਰਿਵਾਰ ਨੂੰ ਦੂਜੇ
ਘਰ ਖਾਣ ਲਈ
ਸੱਦਣਾ
Correct Answer: (d) ਸਾਰੇ ਪਰਿਵਾਰ
ਨੂੰ ਦੂਜੇ ਘਰ
ਖਾਣ ਲਈ ਸੱਦਣਾ
Explanation: ਪੰਜਾਬੀ
ਸੱਭਿਆਚਾਰ ਵਿੱਚ ‘ਚੁੱਲ੍ਹੇ-ਨਿਉਂਦਾ’
ਇੱਕ ਰਸਮ ਹੈ
ਜਿਸ ਵਿੱਚ ਇੱਕ
ਪਰਿਵਾਰ ਦੂਜੇ ਪਰਿਵਾਰ ਨੂੰ
ਆਪਣੇ ਘਰ ਭੋਜਨ
ਲਈ ਸੱਦਦਾ ਹੈ,
ਭਾਈਚਾਰਕ ਸਾਂਝ ਨੂੰ ਦਰਸਾਉਂਦਾ
ਹੈ।
Additional Info: ਇਹ
ਪ੍ਰਥਾ ਪੇਂਡੂ ਪੰਜਾਬ ਵਿੱਚ
ਆਮ ਸੀ, ਜਿੱਥੇ
ਤਿਉਹਾਰਾਂ, ਵਿਆਹਾਂ ਜਾਂ ਫ਼ਸਲ
ਦੀ ਆਮਦ ‘ਤੇ
ਗੁਆਂਢੀਆਂ ਨੂੰ ‘ਚੁੱਲ੍ਹੇ-ਨਿਉਂਦਾ’
ਦਿੱਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਸੀ।
ਇਹ ਸਾਂਝ ਅਤੇ
ਏਕਤਾ ਨੂੰ ਮਜ਼ਬੂਤ ਕਰਦੀ
ਹੈ।
38. 'ਕਹੀ
ਨਾਲ ਪੁੱਟ ਕੇ' ਵਿੱਚ "ਕਹੀ" ਕੀ ਹੈ?
a) ਖਾਣ ਵਾਲੀ ਚੀਜ਼
b) ਇੱਕ ਕਿਸਮ ਦਾ ਬਰਤਨ
c) ਖੁਦਾਈ ਕਰਨ ਵਾਲਾ ਔਜ਼ਾਰ
d) ਅੱਗ ਸੁਲਗਾਉਣ ਵਾਲੀ ਚੀਜ਼
Correct Answer: (c) ਖੁਦਾਈ ਕਰਨ
ਵਾਲਾ ਔਜ਼ਾਰ
Explanation: ‘ਕਹੀ’
ਇੱਕ ਖੇਤੀ ਔਜ਼ਾਰ
ਹੈ, ਜਿਹੜਾ ਜ਼ਮੀਨ
ਪੁੱਟਣ, ਖੁਦਾਈ ਕਰਨ ਜਾਂ
ਗੱਡੇ ਪਾਉਣ ਲਈ ਵਰਤਿਆ
ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ।
ਇਹ ਕੋਦੀ ਜਾਂ
ਬੇਲਚੇ ਵਰਗਾ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ।
Additional Info: ਪੰਜਾਬੀ
ਖੇਤੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਕਹੀ, ਕੁਦਾਲ,
ਗੰਡਾਸੀ, ਸੂਹਾ ਆਦਿ ਮੁੱਢਲੇ
ਔਜ਼ਾਰ ਹਨ।
‘ਕਹੀ ਮਾਰਨੀ’ ਮੁਹਾਵਰਾ ਵੀ
ਪ੍ਰਚਲਿਤ ਹੈ ਜਿਸਦਾ
ਅਰਥ ਹੈ ਡੱਟ
ਕੇ ਮਿਹਨਤ ਕਰਨਾ।
39. ਚੁੱਲ੍ਹੇ
ਅਤੇ ਭੱਠੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਮੁੱਖ ਅੰਤਰ ਕੀ ਹੈ?
a) ਦੋਹਾਂ ਦਾ ਅਕਾਰ
ਇੱਕੋ ਜਿਹਾ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ
b) ਚੁੱਲ੍ਹਾ ਛੋਟਾ ਤੇ ਭੱਠੀ
ਵੱਡੀ ਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ
c) ਭੱਠੀ ਸਿਰਫ ਲੱਕੜ ਦੀ
ਬਣੀ ਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ
d) ਚੁੱਲ੍ਹਾ ਸਿਰਫ ਬਾਹਰ ਵਰਤਿਆ
ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ
Correct Answer: (b) ਚੁੱਲ੍ਹਾ ਛੋਟਾ
ਤੇ ਭੱਠੀ ਵੱਡੀ
ਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ
Explanation: ਚੁੱਲ੍ਹਾ
ਆਮ ਤੌਰ ‘ਤੇ
ਘਰੇਲੂ ਰਸੋਈ ਲਈ ਛੋਟੇ
ਆਕਾਰ ਦਾ ਹੁੰਦਾ
ਹੈ, ਜਦਕਿ ਭੱਠੀ
ਵੱਡੀ ਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ (ਜਿਵੇਂ
ਇੱਟਾਂ ਦੀ ਭੱਠੀ,
ਪਿਜ਼ਾ ਭੱਠੀ) ਅਤੇ ਉਦਯੋਗਿਕ
ਜਾਂ ਵੱਡੇ ਪੈਮਾਨੇ
ਦੇ ਕੰਮ ਆਉਂਦੀ
ਹੈ।
Additional Info: ਚੁੱਲ੍ਹਾ
ਮਿੱਟੀ, ਲੋਹੇ ਜਾਂ ਪੱਕੀਆਂ
ਇੱਟਾਂ ਦਾ ਬਣਿਆ
ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ।
ਭੱਠੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਜਿਆਦਾ ਤਾਪਮਾਨ
ਪੈਦਾ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ, ਜਿਵੇਂ
ਬੇਕਰੀ ਭੱਠੀ ਜਾਂ ਭਾਂਡੇ
ਪਕਾਉਣ ਵਾਲੀ ਭੱਠੀ।
40. ਇਸ
ਕਵਿਤਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਹਾਫ਼ਜ਼ ਤੋਂ ਭਾਵ ਹੈ:
a) ਕਵੀ ਦਾ ਨਾਂ
b) ਬੇਲਿਹਾਜ਼
c) ਜਿਸ ਨੇ ਕੁਰਾਨ
ਕੰਠ ਕੀਤੀ ਹੋਵੇ
d) ਜਿਸ ਨੇ ਦੋਸਤ
ਸਿੱਖ ਕੀਤੇ ਹੋਣ
Correct Answer: (c) ਜਿਸ ਨੇ
ਕੁਰਾਨ ਕੰਠ ਕੀਤੀ ਹੋਵੇ
Explanation: ‘ਹਾਫ਼ਜ਼’
ਅਰਬੀ ਸ਼ਬਦ ਹੈ ਜਿਸਦਾ
ਅਰਥ ਹੈ ਕੁਰਾਨ
ਨੂੰ ਪੂਰਾ ਯਾਦ
(ਕੰਠ) ਕਰਨ ਵਾਲਾ।
ਸੂਫ਼ੀ ਕਵਿਤਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਇਹ
ਅਧਿਆਤਮਿਕ ਗਿਆਨ ਵਾਲੇ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ
ਲਈ ਵਰਤਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ
ਹੈ।
Additional Info: ਇਸਲਾਮ
ਵਿੱਚ ਹਾਫ਼ਜ਼ ਨੂੰ ਬਹੁਤ
ਸਤਿਕਾਰ ਦਿੱਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ। ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਸੂਫ਼ੀ
ਕਵਿਤਾ (ਬੁੱਲ੍ਹੇ ਸ਼ਾਹ, ਸ਼ਾਹ
ਹੁਸੈਨ) ਵਿੱਚ ਅਕਸਰ ਧਾਰਮਿਕ
ਸ਼ਬਦਾਵਲੀ ਮਿਲਦੀ ਹੈ।
41. ਜਿੱਥੇ
ਵੇਖਣ ਚੰਗਾ ਹੋਗਾ ਉੱਥੇ ਪੜ੍ਹਨ ਕਲਾਮ ਸਵਾਈ ਹੂ। ਇਸ
ਕਾਵਿ-ਅੰਸ਼ ਵਿੱਚ ਕਿਹੜਾ ਅਲੰਕਾਰ ਆਇਆ ਹੈ:
a) ਚਿਤਰ ਅਲੰਕਾਰ
b) ਅਨੁਪ੍ਰਾਸ ਅਲੰਕਾਰ
c) ਰੂਪਕ ਅਲੰਕਾਰ
d) ਪੁਨਰੁਕਤੀ ਅਲੰਕਾਰ
Correct Answer: (b) ਅਨੁਪ੍ਰਾਸ ਅਲੰਕਾਰ
Explanation: ਇਸ
ਵਿੱਚ ‘ਵੇਖਣ’ ਅਤੇ ‘ਪੜ੍ਹਨ’
ਦੇ ਨਾਲ ਨਾਲ
‘ਕਲਾਮ ਸਵਾਈ ਹੂ’ ਵਿੱਚ
‘ਸ’ 및 ‘ਹ’ ਦੀ
ਆਵਾਜ਼ ਦੀ ਵਾਰ-ਵਾਰ ਪੁਨਰਾਵ੍ਰਿਤੀ ਹੈ,
ਜੋ ਅਨੁਪ੍ਰਾਸ (Alliteration) ਦੀ ਉਦਾਹਰਨ
ਹੈ।
Additional Info: ਅਨੁਪ੍ਰਾਸ
ਅਲੰਕਾਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਉਸੇ ਵਰਣ
ਜਾਂ ਸਮਾਨ ਧੁਨੀ
ਵਾਲੇ ਵਰਣਾਂ ਦੀ ਵਾਰ-ਵਾਰ ਵਰਤੋਂ ਕੀਤੀ
ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ, ਜਿਵੇਂ ‘ਕੱਕਰ
ਕਬੀਰ ਕਸੁੰਭ ਨਾ ਖਾਇਆ’।
42. ਇਸ
ਕਵਿਤਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਸੱਚੀਆਂ ਭੈਣਾਂ ਕਿਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਕਿਹਾ ਗਿਆ ਹੈ?
a) ਗਲੀਆਂ ਤੇ ਕਿਤਾਬਾਂ
b) ਨਫ਼ਸ ਤੇ ਹਫ਼ਜ਼
c) ਦੀਨ ਤੇ ਦੁਨੀਆ
d) ਆਲਮ ਤੇ ਦੁਨੀਆ
Correct Answer: (c) ਦੀਨ ਤੇ
ਦੁਨੀਆ
Explanation: ਕਾਵਿ-ਪੰਕਤੀ ‘ਦੀਨ ਤੇ
ਦੁਨੀਆ ਸੱਕੀਆਂ ਭੈਣਾਂ’ ਵਿੱਚ
ਸਾਫ਼ ਤੌਰ ‘ਤੇ ਦੀਨ
(ਧਰਮ) ਅਤੇ ਦੁਨੀਆ (ਸੰਸਾਰ)
ਨੂੰ ਸੱਚੀਆਂ ਭੈਣਾਂ
ਕਿਹਾ ਗਿਆ ਹੈ, ਭਾਵ
ਇਹ ਦੋਵੇਂ ਇਕੱਠੇ
ਚੱਲਦੇ ਹਨ।
Additional Info: ਸੂਫ਼ੀ
ਮਤ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ ਦੀਨ
ਅਤੇ ਦੁਨੀਆ ਵਿੱਚ
ਤਾਲਮੇਲ ਹੋਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ। ਇਹ ਵਿਚਾਰ
ਭਾਰਤੀ ਦਰਸ਼ਨ ਵਿੱਚ ‘ਰਿਸ਼ੀ-ਮੁਨੀ’ ਵਰਗਾ ਹੈ,
ਜਿੱਥੇ ਘਰ ਅਤੇ
ਜੰਗਲ ਦੋਵਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਮਹੱਤਵ
ਦਿੱਤਾ ਗਿਆ।
43. 'ਮੋਇਆਂ
ਦਾ' ਸ਼ਾਬਦਿਕ ਅਰਥ ਹੈ:
a) ਮਰਿਆ ਹੋਇਆ
b) ਬੁਝਿਆ ਹੋਇਆ
c) ਜਾਗਿਆ ਹੋਇਆ
d) ਜਿਸ ਦੇ ਕਰਮ
ਸੁੱਤੇ ਹੋਏ ਹੋਣ
Correct Answer: (a) ਮਰਿਆ ਹੋਇਆ
Explanation: ‘ਮੋਇਆਂ’
ਸ਼ਬਦ ‘ਮਰਨਾ’ ਧਾਤੂ ਤੋਂ
ਬਣਿਆ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ
ਇਸਦਾ ਸ਼ਾਬਦਿਕ ਅਰਥ ‘ਮਰੇ
ਹੋਏ’ (ਬਹੁਵਚਨ) ਹੈ।
ਕਵਿਤਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਇਹ ਉਹਨਾਂ
ਲਈ ਵਰਤਿਆ ਗਿਆ
ਹੈ ਜਿਹੜੇ ਅਧਿਆਤਮਿਕ
ਤੌਰ ‘ਤੇ ਮੁਰਦਾ
ਹਨ।
Additional Info: ਪੰਜਾਬੀ
ਵਿੱਚ ‘ਮੋਇਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਨਹੀਂ
ਰੋਂਦੇ, ਜੀਵਤਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਰੋਂਦੇ
ਹਨ’ ਮੁਹਾਵਰਾ ਪ੍ਰਚਲਿਤ
ਹੈ, ਜਿਸਦਾ ਭਾਵ
ਹੈ ਕਿ ਮਰੇ
ਹੋਏ ਲਈ ਪਛਤਾਵਾ
ਕਰਨ ਨਾਲੋਂ ਜਿਊਂਦਿਆਂ
ਨੂੰ ਅਹਿਮੀਅਤ ਦਿਉ।
44. "ਕਬਰਾਂ
ਦੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਅੰਨ ਨਾ ਪਾਣੀ" ਲਾਈਨ
ਦਾ ਕੇਂਦਰੀ ਭਾਵ ਕੀ ਹੈ?
a) ਮੌਤ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਵੀ
ਭੁੱਖ ਲੱਗਦੀ ਹੈ
b) ਲੋਕ ਕਬਰਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਭੁੱਲ
ਜਾਂਦੇ ਹਨ
c) ਕਬਰਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਖਾਣਾ ਰੱਖਣਾ
ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ
d) ਮੌਤ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਭੌਤਿਕ
ਚੀਜ਼ਾਂ ਬੇਕਾਰ ਹਨ
Correct Answer: (d) ਮੌਤ ਤੋਂ
ਬਾਅਦ ਭੌਤਿਕ ਚੀਜ਼ਾਂ ਬੇਕਾਰ
ਹਨ
Explanation: ਕਵੀ
ਕਹਿੰਦਾ ਹੈ ਕਿ
ਕਬਰ (ਮੌਤ) ਵਿੱਚ ਨਾ
ਅੰਨ (ਖਾਣਾ) ਕੰਮ ਆਉਂਦਾ
ਹੈ, ਨਾ ਪਾਣੀ
– ਭਾਵ ਮੌਤ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ
ਸੰਸਾਰ ਦੀਆਂ ਸਾਰੀਆਂ ਭੌਤਿਕ
ਵਸਤਾਂ ਅਰਥਹੀਣ ਹੋ ਜਾਂਦੀਆਂ
ਹਨ।
Additional Info: ਇਹ
ਵਿਚਾਰ ਅਧਿਆਤਮਿਕਤਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਆਮ ਹੈ
– ‘ਹੱਥੀਂ ਕਫਨ ਬੰਨ੍ਹ ਕੇ
ਆਏ ਸੀ, ਖਾਲੀ
ਜਾਣਾ ਹੈ’।
ਕਵਿਤਾ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਨਫ਼ਸਾਨੀ
ਇੱਛਾਵਾਂ ਤੋਂ ਉੱਠ ਕੇ
ਰੂਹਾਨੀ ਸੱਚ ਵੱਲ ਲੈ
ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ।
45. "ਦੀਨ
ਤੇ ਦੁਨੀਆ ਸੱਕੀਆਂ ਭੈਣਾਂ" ਵਿੱਚ ਕਿਹੜਾ ਅਲੰਕਾਰ ਹੈ?
a) ਉਪਮਾ ਅਲੰਕਾਰ
b) ਰੂਪਕ ਅਲੰਕਾਰ
c) ਮਨੁੱਖੀਕਰਨ ਅਲੰਕਾਰ
d) ਅਨੁਪ੍ਰਾਸ ਅਲੰਕਾਰ
Correct Answer: (b) ਰੂਪਕ ਅਲੰਕਾਰ
Explanation: ਰੂਪਕ
ਵਿੱਚ ਉਪਮੇਯ (ਦੀਨ-ਦੁਨੀਆ)
ਉੱਤੇ ਉਪਮਾਨ (ਭੈਣਾਂ) ਦਾ
ਆਰੋਪ ਲਗਾ ਦਿੱਤਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ
ਹੈ, ‘ਜਿਵੇਂ’ ਜਾਂ ‘ਵਰਗੇ’
ਸ਼ਬਦਾਂ ਦੀ ਵਰਤੋਂ
ਨਹੀਂ ਹੁੰਦੀ। ਇੱਥੇ
ਦੀਨ-ਦੁਨੀਆ ਨੂੰ
ਸਿੱਧਾ ਭੈਣਾਂ ਆਖ ਦਿੱਤਾ
ਗਿਆ ਹੈ।
Additional Info: ਉਪਮਾ
ਵਿੱਚ ‘ਵਰਗਾ’ ‘ਸਮਾਨ’ ਆਉਂਦਾ
ਹੈ (ਜਿਵੇਂ ਚੰਦ
ਵਰਗਾ ਮੁਖੜਾ), ਪਰ ਰੂਪਕ
ਵਿੱਚ ਸਿੱਧਾ ਆਰੋਪ (ਜਿਵੇਂ
‘ਦੀਨ-ਦੁਨੀਆ ਭੈਣਾਂ’)।
46. ਕਵਿਤਾ
ਦਾ ਮੁੱਖ ਵਿਸ਼ਾ ਕੀ ਹੈ?
a) ਪ੍ਰੇਮ ਕਹਾਣੀ
b) ਸਮਾਜਕ ਬੁਰਾਈਆਂ
c) ਅਧਿਆਤਮਿਕ ਸੱਚਾਈ ਅਤੇ ਜੀਵਨ
ਦਾ ਮਕਸਦ
d) ਕੁਦਰਤੀ ਸੁੰਦਰਤਾ
Correct Answer: (c) ਅਧਿਆਤਮਿਕ ਸੱਚਾਈ
ਅਤੇ ਜੀਵਨ ਦਾ
ਮਕਸਦ
Explanation: ਕਵਿਤਾ
ਮੌਤ, ਮਰਨ ਉਪਰੰਤ ਭੌਤਿਕ
ਵਸਤਾਂ ਦੀ ਵਿਅਰਥਤਾ,
ਸੱਚੇ ਭਗਤੀ ਭਾਵ (‘ਦਿਲ
ਦਾ ਕਲਮਾ’) ਅਤੇ
ਦੀਨ-ਦੁਨੀਆ ਦੇ
ਸੰਤੁਲਨ ‘ਤੇ ਕੇਂਦ੍ਰਿਤ
ਹੈ, ਜੋ ਅਧਿਆਤਮਿਕ
ਸੱਚ ਦੀ ਖੋਜ
ਹੈ।
Additional Info: ਇਹ
ਕਵਿਤਾ ਸੂਫ਼ੀ ਪਰੰਪਰਾ ਨਾਲ
ਮੇਲ ਖਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ,
ਜਿੱਥੇ ਸੰਸਾਰਿਕ ਮੋਹ ਨੂੰ
ਛੱਡ ਕੇ ਰੱਬੀ
ਪ੍ਰੇਮ ਅਤੇ ਮੌਤ ਤੋਂ
ਬਾਅਦ ਦੀ ਸੱਚਾਈ
‘ਤੇ ਵਿਚਾਰ ਕਰਨ
ਲਈ ਕਿਹਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ
ਹੈ।
47. "ਜ਼ਬਾਨੀ
ਕਲਮਾ ਹਰ ਕੋਈ ਪੜ੍ਹਦਾ"
ਦਾ ਕੀ ਸੰਕੇਤ ਹੈ?
a) ਹਰ ਕੋਈ ਸੱਚਾ ਹੈ
b) ਲੋਕ ਸਿਰਫ ਮੂੰਹ ਨਾਲ
ਧਾਰਮਿਕ ਗੱਲਾਂ ਕਰਦੇ ਹਨ
c) ਕੋਈ ਵੀ ਧਾਰਮਿਕ
ਨਹੀਂ
d) ਸਾਰੇ ਲੋਕ ਆਸ਼ਕ ਹਨ
Correct Answer: (b) ਲੋਕ ਸਿਰਫ
ਮੂੰਹ ਨਾਲ ਧਾਰਮਿਕ ਗੱਲਾਂ
ਕਰਦੇ ਹਨ
Explanation: ਕਵੀ
ਕਹਿੰਦਾ ਹੈ ਕਿ
ਹਰ ਕੋਈ ‘ਕਲਮਾ’
(ਧਾਰਮਿਕ ਵਾਕ) ਜ਼ੁਬਾਨੀ ਪੜ੍ਹ
ਤਾਂ ਲੈਂਦਾ ਹੈ,
ਪਰ ਇਹ ਰੁਟੀਨ
ਜਾਂ ਪ੍ਰਦਰਸ਼ਨ ਮਾਤਰ
ਹੈ – ਦਿਲੋਂ ਨਹੀਂ ਪੜ੍ਹਦਾ। ਇਹ ਪਖੰਡ
ਵੱਲ ਇਸ਼ਾਰਾ ਹੈ।
Additional Info: ਅਗਲੀ
ਸਤਰ ‘ਦਿਲ ਦਾ ਕਲਮਾ
ਆਸ਼ਕ ਪੜ੍ਹਦੇ’ ਇਸ ਗੱਲ
‘ਤੇ ਜ਼ੋਰ ਦਿੰਦੀ
ਹੈ ਕਿ ਸੱਚੀ
ਸ਼ਰਧਾ ਸਿਰਫ ਬਾਹਰੀ ਉਚਾਰਣ
ਨਾਲ ਨਹੀਂ, ਬਲਕਿ
ਦਿਲ ਦੀ ਗਹਿਰਾਈ
ਨਾਲ ਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ।
48. "ਦਿਲ
ਦਾ ਕਲਮਾ ਆਸ਼ਕ ਪੜ੍ਹਦੇ" ਵਿੱਚ "ਆਸ਼ਕ" ਕਿਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਲਈ ਵਰਤਿਆ ਗਿਆ
ਹੈ?
a) ਆਮ ਲੋਕ
b) ਧਨਵਾਨ ਲੋਕ
c) ਸੱਚੇ ਪ੍ਰੇਮੀ/ਭਗਤ
d) ਪੜ੍ਹੇ-ਲਿਖੇ ਲੋਕ
Correct Answer: (c) ਸੱਚੇ ਪ੍ਰੇਮੀ/ਭਗਤ
Explanation: ਸੂਫ਼ੀ
ਕਾਵਿ ਵਿੱਚ ‘ਆਸ਼ਕ’ ਉਸ
ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਨੂੰ ਕਹਿੰਦੇ ਹਨ
ਜੋ ਰੱਬੀ ਪ੍ਰੇਮ
ਵਿੱਚ ਲੀਨ ਹੋ, ਸਚੇ
ਦਿਲ ਨਾਲ ਭਗਤੀ
ਕਰੇ। ਇਹ
ਆਮ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਤੋਂ
ਉੱਚੀ ਅਵਸਥਾ ਹੈ।
Additional Info: ਆਸ਼ਕ
ਅਤੇ ਮਾਸ਼ੂਕ (ਪ੍ਰੇਮੀ
ਅਤੇ ਪ੍ਰੀਤਮ) ਦਾ
ਰੂਪਕ ਸੂਫ਼ੀ ਕਵਿਤਾ ਵਿੱਚ
ਅਕਸਰ ਪਰਮਾਤਮਾ ਅਤੇ ਭਗਤ
ਦੇ ਪ੍ਰੇਮ ਲਈ
ਵਰਤਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ।
49. ਆਡੀਓ-ਲਿੰਗੁਅਲ ਵਿਧੀ (Audiolingual Method) ਦਾ ਹੇਠ ਲਿਖਿਆਂ
ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਕਿਸ ਨਾਲ ਸੰਬੰਧ ਹੈ?
a) ਗਿਆਨਾਤਮਕ (Cognitive)
b) ਰਚਨਾਵਾਦ (constructivism)
c) ਵਿਹਾਰਵਾਦ (behaviorism)
d) ਸੰਦੇਹਵਾਦ (Skepticism)
Correct Answer: (c) ਵਿਹਾਰਵਾਦ (behaviorism)
Explanation: ਆਡੀਓ-ਲਿੰਗੁਅਲ ਵਿਧੀ ਵਿਹਾਰਵਾਦ
(Behaviorism) ‘ਤੇ ਆਧਾਰਿਤ ਹੈ, ਜੋ
ਦੁਹਰਾਓ, ਉਤੇਜਨਾ-ਪ੍ਰਤੀਕ੍ਰਿਆ, ਅਤੇ
ਆਦਤਾਂ ਦੇ ਨਿਰਮਾਣ
‘ਤੇ ਜ਼ੋਰ ਦਿੰਦੀ
ਹੈ। ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀ
ਡ੍ਰਿਲ ਅਤੇ ਅਨੁਕਰਣ ਰਾਹੀਂ
ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਸਿੱਖਦੇ ਹਨ।
Additional Info: ਸਕਿਨਰ
(Skinner) ਵਿਹਾਰਵਾਦ ਦਾ ਪ੍ਰਮੁੱਖ
ਮਨੋਵਿਗਿਆਨੀ ਹੈ।
ਇਸ ਵਿਧੀ ਵਿੱਚ
ਗਲਤੀਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਰੋਕਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ
ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਸਹੀ
ਉੱਤਰਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਮਜ਼ਬੂਤ ਕੀਤਾ
ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ।
ਅੱਜ ਕੱਲ੍ਹ ਇਸਦੀ
ਥਾਂ ਸੰਚਾਤਮਕ ਪਹੁੰਚ
(Communicative Approach) ਨੇ
ਲੈ ਲਈ ਹੈ।
50. ਅਧਿਆਪਨ
(Teaching) ਅਤੇ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ (Learning) ਦਾ ਆਪਸ ਵਿੱਚ
ਕੀ ਸੰਬੰਧ ਹੈ?
a) ਅਧਿਆਪਨ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ 'ਤੇ ਪ੍ਰਸ਼ਨ-ਚਿੰਨ੍ਹ ਲਗਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ
b) ਅਧਿਆਪਨ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ ਨੂੰ ਸੁਗਮ
ਬਣਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ
c) ਅਧਿਆਪਨ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ ਤੋਂ ਵੱਖ
ਹੈ
d) ਅਧਿਆਪਨ ਸਿਰਫ ਮੁਲਾਂਕਣ ਹੈ
Correct Answer: (b) ਅਧਿਆਪਨ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ
ਨੂੰ ਸੁਗਮ ਬਣਾਉਂਦਾ
ਹੈ
Explanation: ਅਧਿਆਪਨ
ਉਹ ਪ੍ਰਕਿਰਿਆ ਹੈ
ਜੋ ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀ ਦੀ
ਸਿੱਖਿਆ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਹਾਇਕ ਹੁੰਦੀ
ਹੈ। ਚੰਗਾ
ਅਧਿਆਪਨ ਸਿੱਖਣ ਨੂੰ ਆਸਾਨ,
ਅਰਥਪੂਰਨ ਅਤੇ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵੀ ਬਣਾਉਂਦਾ
ਹੈ – ਇਹ ਦੋਵੇਂ
ਪੂਰਕ ਹਨ।
Additional Info: ਅਧਿਆਪਨ
ਤੋਂ ਬਿਨਾਂ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ
ਹੋ ਸਕਦੀ ਹੈ
(ਆਪ-ਮੁਹਾਰੀ), ਪਰ
ਨਿਰਦੇਸ਼ਤ ਅਧਿਆਪਨ ਸਿੱਖਣ ਦੀ
ਪ੍ਰਕਿਰਿਆ ਵਿੱਚ ਤੇਜ਼ੀ ਅਤੇ
ਡੂੰਘਾਈ ਲਿਆਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ।
‘Teaching is facilitating learning’ – ਆਧੁਨਿਕ
ਦ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਟੀ।
51. ਯੋਗਤਾ
(Competence) ਦਾ ਸੰਬੰਧ ਕਿਸ ਨਾਲ ਹੈ?
a) ਵਿਆਕਰਨਕ ਨੇਮਾਂ ਦੀ ਸਮਝ
b) ਲਿਖਣ ਦੀ ਪਕੜ
c) ਵਿਆਕਰਨਕ ਨੇਮਾਂ ਦੀ ਵਰਤੋਂ
d) ਪੜ੍ਹਨ ਦੀ ਯੋਗਤਾ
Correct Answer: (a) ਵਿਆਕਰਨਕ ਨੇਮਾਂ
ਦੀ ਸਮਝ
Explanation: ਚੋਮਸਕੀ
(Chomsky) ਅਨੁਸਾਰ
‘Competence’ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਦੇ ਵਿਆਕਰਨਕ
ਨਿਯਮਾਂ ਦਾ ਮਾਨਸਿਕ
ਗਿਆਨ ਹੈ – ਸ਼ੁੱਧ ਵਾਕ
ਬਣਾਉਣ ਦੀ ਅਦਿੱਖ
ਸਮਰੱਥਾ, ਜਦਕਿ ‘Performance’ ਉਸਦੀ ਅਸਲ ਵਰਤੋਂ
ਹੈ।
Additional Info: ਯੋਗਤਾ
ਅਦਿੱਖ (abstract) ਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ, ਜਿਵੇਂ
ਕਿਸੇ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਨੂੰ ਵਿਆਕਰਨ
ਦੇ ਨਿਯਮ ਪਤਾ
ਹੋਣ ਪਰ ਬੋਲਦਿਆਂ
ਗਲਤੀ ਕਰ ਜਾਵੇ। ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਅਧਿਆਪਨ
ਵਿੱਚ competence ਨੂੰ ਵਿਕਸਿਤ ਕਰਨਾ
ਮੁੱਖ ਟੀਚਾ ਹੈ।
52. ਇਕਲੈਕਟਿਕ
ਪਹੁੰਚ (Eclectic
approach) ਅਨੁਸਾਰ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਸਿੱਖਣ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਵਧੀਆ
ਰਣਨੀਤੀ ਕਿਹੜੀ ਹੈ?
a) ਇੱਕ ਹੀ ਸਿਧਾਂਤ
ਰਾਹੀਂ ਅਧਿਆਪਨ
b) ਵੱਖ-ਵੱਖ ਸਿਧਾਂਤਾਂ ਦੀ
ਸੰਤੁਲਿਤ ਵਰਤੋਂ
c) ਇੱਕ-ਇੱਕ ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀ ਤੇ
ਪਾਠ ਪੜ੍ਹਾਉਣਾ
d) ਇੱਕ ਸਮੇਂ ਇੱਕੋ ਪਾਠ
ਪੜ੍ਹਾਉਣਾ
Correct Answer: (b) ਵੱਖ-ਵੱਖ
ਸਿਧਾਂਤਾਂ ਦੀ ਸੰਤੁਲਿਤ
ਵਰਤੋਂ
Explanation: ਇਕਲੈਕਟਿਕ
ਪਹੁੰਚ ਕਿਸੇ ਇੱਕ ਤਰੀਕੇ
ਨਾਲ ਬੰਨ੍ਹੀ ਨਹੀਂ
ਹੁੰਦੀ, ਸਗੋਂ ਲੋੜ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ
ਵੱਖ-ਵੱਖ ਸਿਧਾਂਤਾਂ
(behaviorism, constructivism, communicative) ਤੋਂ
ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਵਧੀਆ
ਤਰੀਕੇ ਚੁਣ ਕੇ ਵਰਤਦੀ
ਹੈ।
Additional Info: ਇਹ
ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਲਚਕੀਲੀ
ਪਹੁੰਚ ਹੈ।
ਉਦਾਹਰਨ: ਸ਼ਬਦ ਯਾਦ ਲਈ
ਡ੍ਰਿੱਲ (behaviorism), ਗੱਲਬਾਤ ਲਈ ਭੂਮਿਕਾ-ਨਿਭਾਅ (communicative) – ਦੋਵੇਂ ਇਕੱਠੇ।
PSTET ਵਿੱਚ ਇਸਨੂੰ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ
ਅਸਰਦਾਰ ਮੰਨਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ।
53. ਸਿਖਲਾਈ
ਸਮੱਗਰੀ ਦੀ ਚੋਣ ਵਿੱਚ
ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਵੱਧ ਮਹੱਤਵਪੂਰਨ ਤੱਤ ਕਿਹੜਾ ਹੈ?
a) ਕੀਮਤ
b) ਸਿੱਖਿਆਰਥੀ ਦੀਆਂ ਲੋੜਾਂ
c) ਵਿਆਕਰਨਕ ਪ੍ਰਸ਼ਨਾਵਲੀ
d) ਮੁਲਾਂਕਣ
Correct Answer: (b) ਸਿੱਖਿਆਰਥੀ ਦੀਆਂ
ਲੋੜਾਂ
Explanation: ਚਾਹੇ
ਕਿੰਨੀ ਵੀ ਚੰਗੀ
ਸਮੱਗਰੀ ਹੋਵੇ, ਜੇ ਉਹ
ਸਿੱਖਿਆਰਥੀਆਂ ਦੀ ਪੱਧਰ,
ਰੁਚੀਆਂ, ਅਤੇ ਲੋੜਾਂ ਨਾਲ
ਮੇਲ ਨਹੀਂ ਖਾਂਦੀ,
ਤਾਂ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ ਅਸਰਦਾਰ
ਨਹੀਂ ਹੋਵੇਗੀ। ਇਸ
ਲਈ ‘Learner needs’ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ
ਪਹਿਲੀ ਤਰਜੀਹ ਹੈ।
Additional Info: ਸਮੱਗਰੀ
ਦੀ ਚੋਣ ਵਿੱਚ
ਉਮਰ, ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਪੱਧਰ, ਸੱਭਿਆਚਾਰਕ
ਪਿਛੋਕੜ, ਅਤੇ ਸਿੱਖਣ ਦੇ
ਉਦੇਸ਼ ਵੀ ਮਹੱਤਵਪੂਰਨ
ਹਨ। PSTET ਵਿੱਚ
‘child-centred’ education ਨੂੰ
ਤਰਜੀਹ ਦਿੱਤੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ।
54. ਉਪਚਾਰਾਤਮਕ
ਅਧਿਆਪਨ (Remedial
Teaching) ਦਾ ਮੁੱਖ ਟੀਚਾ ਹੈ:
a) ਸਿਰਫ ਟੈਸਟ ਲੈਣਾ
b) ਸਿਰਫ ਵਿਆਕਰਨ ਸਿਖਾਉਣਾ
c) ਕਮਜ਼ੋਰ ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀਆਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਗਲਤੀਆਂ ਦੂਰ
ਕਰਨਾ
d) ਸਿਰਫ ਯਾਦ ਕਰਵਾਉਣਾ
Correct Answer: (c) ਕਮਜ਼ੋਰ ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀਆਂ
ਦੀਆਂ ਗਲਤੀਆਂ ਦੂਰ ਕਰਨਾ
Explanation: ਉਪਚਾਰਾਤਮਕ
ਅਧਿਆਪਨ ਖਾਸ ਤੌਰ ‘ਤੇ
ਉਹਨਾਂ ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀਆਂ ਲਈ ਹੈ
ਜੋ ਪਿੱਛੇ ਰਹਿ
ਗਏ ਹਨ।
ਇਹ ਉਹਨਾਂ ਦੀਆਂ
ਖਾਸ ਕਮਜ਼ੋਰੀਆਂ (ਗਲਤੀਆਂ,
ਭੁੱਲ) ਦੀ ਪਛਾਣ
ਕਰਕੇ ਵਿਅਕਤੀਗਤ ਯੋਜਨਾ ਨਾਲ
ਉਹਨਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਦੂਰ ਕਰਨ
ਦੀ ਕੋਸ਼ਿਸ਼ ਕਰਦਾ
ਹੈ।
Additional Info: ਇਹ
ਸਿੱਖਣ ਵਿੱਚ ਰੁਕਾਵਟਾਂ ਨੂੰ
ਹਟਾਉਣ ‘ਤੇ ਕੇਂਦ੍ਰਿਤ
ਹੈ, ਨਾ ਕਿ
ਨਵਾਂ ਪਾਠ ਪੜ੍ਹਾਉਣ ‘ਤੇ। ਇਸ ਵਿੱਚ
ਵਾਧੂ ਸਮਾਂ, ਸਰਲ ਪੁਸਤਕਾਂ,
ਅਤੇ ਇੱਕ-ਇੱਕ
ਮਦਦ ਦਿੱਤੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ
ਹੈ।
55. ਇੱਕ
ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀ ਜਦੋਂ ਸ਼ਬਦ ਨਹੀਂ ਜਾਣਦਾ ਤਾਂ ਉਹ ਅਨੁਮਾਨ ਲਗਾਉਂਦਾ
ਹੈ ਜਾਂ ਸੰਦਰਭ ਤੋਂ ਅਰਥ ਕੱਢਦਾ ਹੈ। ਇਹ
ਕਿਹੜੀ ਪ੍ਰਕਿਰਿਆ ਹੈ?
a) ਨਿਰੀਖਣ ਕਰਨਾ (Monitoring)
b) ਦੁਹਰਾਉਣਾ (Repetition)
c) ਸਿਧਾਂਤਕਾਰੀ
(Theorization)
d) ਸੂਝ-ਬੂਝ ਨਾਲ ਕਿਆਸ
ਲਾਉਣਾ (Guessing
intelligently)
Correct Answer: (d) ਸੂਝ-ਬੂਝ
ਨਾਲ ਕਿਆਸ ਲਾਉਣਾ
Explanation: ਜਦੋਂ
ਅਪਰਿਚਤ ਸ਼ਬਦ ਆਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ,
ਚੰਗਾ ਪਾਠਕ ਸੰਦਰਭ (ਗੁਆਂਢੀ
ਸ਼ਬਦ, ਵਾਕ, ਸਥਿਤੀ) ਤੋਂ
ਬੁੱਧੀਮਾਨੀ ਨਾਲ ਅਰਥ ਦਾ
ਅਨੁਮਾਨ ਲਗਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ – ਇਹ
ਸਿੱਖਣ ਦੀ ਇੱਕ
ਮਹੱਤਵਪੂਰਨ ਰਣਨੀਤੀ ਹੈ।
Additional Info: ਇਸ
ਨੂੰ ‘contextual guessing’ ਜਾਂ ‘inferencing’ ਵੀ ਕਹਿੰਦੇ
ਹਨ। ਇਹ
ਰਣਨੀਤੀ ਸ਼ਬਦਕੋਸ਼ ਦੇ ਬਹੁਤ
ਜ਼ਿਆਦਾ ਇਸਤੇਮਾਲ ਤੋਂ ਬਚਾਉਂਦੀ
ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਪੜ੍ਹਨ
ਦੀ ਗਤੀ ਵਧਾਉਂਦੀ
ਹੈ।
56. ਬੋਲ
ਕੌਸ਼ਲ (Speaking
skill) ਵਿੱਚ ਧਾਰਾਪ੍ਰਵਾਹ ਬੋਲਣ ਦਾ ਅਰਥ ਹੈ:
a) ਵਿਆਕਰਨਕ ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ
b) ਸਹਿਜ ਅਤੇ ਲਗਾਤਾਰਤਾ
c) ਤੇਜ਼-ਤੇਜ਼ ਸ਼ਬਦਾਂ ਨੂੰ
ਦੁਹਰਾ ਕੇ ਬੋਲਣਾ
d) ਕੰਠ ਕਰਨਾ ਅਤੇ ਬੋਲਣਾ
Correct Answer: (b) ਸਹਿਜ ਅਤੇ
ਲਗਾਤਾਰਤਾ
Explanation: ‘Fluency’ (ਧਾਰਾਪ੍ਰਵਾਹਤਾ) ਦਾ
ਮਤਲਬ ਹੈ ਬਿਨਾਂ
ਰੁਕਾਵਟ, ਕੁਦਰਤੀ ਰਫਤਾਰ ਨਾਲ
ਅਤੇ ਸਹਿਜਤਾ ਵਿੱਚ
ਗੱਲ ਕਰਨਾ।
ਜ਼ਿਆਦਾ ਰੁਕਣਾ, ਅੱਧ ਵਿੱਚ
ਸ਼ਬਦ ਭੁੱਲ ਜਾਣਾ ਧਾਰਾਪ੍ਰਵਾਹਤਾ
ਦੇ ਉਲਟ ਹੈ।
Additional Info: Fluency ਅਤੇ Accuracy ਵਿੱਚ
ਅੰਤਰ ਹੈ – accuracy ਵਿਆਕਰਨ ਅਤੇ ਉਚਾਰਣ
ਦੀ ਸ਼ੁੱਧਤਾ ਹੈ,
ਜਦਕਿ fluency ਗੱਲ ਕਰਨ ਦੀ
ਨਿਰੰਤਰਤਾ ਅਤੇ ਆਤਮ-ਵਿਸ਼ਵਾਸ
ਹੈ। PSTET ਵਿੱਚ
ਦੋਵਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਮਹੱਤਵ ਦਿੱਤਾ
ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ।
57. ਪੜ੍ਹਤ
ਦੌਰਾਨ ਸੰਯੋਜਨ (cohesion) ਤੋਂ ਭਾਵ ਹੈ:
a) ਸ਼ਬਦਾਂ ਅਤੇ ਵਾਕਾਂ ਦਾ
ਜੋੜ
b) ਵਿਆਕਰਨਕ ਨੇਮਾਂ ਦੀ ਸਿਧਾਂਤਕ
ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ ਰੱਖਣਾ
c) ਬੋਲਣ ਦੀ ਸਹੀ
ਪ੍ਰਕਿਰਿਆ
d) ਸੁਣਨ ਦੀ ਯੋਗਤਾ
Correct Answer: (a) ਸ਼ਬਦਾਂ ਅਤੇ
ਵਾਕਾਂ ਦਾ ਜੋੜ
Explanation: Cohesion (ਸੰਯੋਜਨ) ਕਿਸੇ
ਲਿਖਤ ਜਾਂ ਬੋਲੀ ਵਿੱਚ
ਸ਼ਬਦਾਂ, ਵਾਕਾਂ ਅਤੇ ਭਾਗਾਂ
ਨੂੰ ਆਪਸ ਵਿੱਚ
ਜੋੜਨ ਦੇ ਸਾਧਨ
ਹਨ – ਜਿਵੇਂ ਸੰਯੋਜਕ (and, but, so), ਪੜਨਾਂਵ, ਦੁਹਰਾਓ,
ਆਦਿ।
Additional Info: Cohesion (ਸਤ੍ਹਾ ’ਤੇ ਜੋੜ)
ਅਤੇ Coherence (ਅਰਥਾਂ ਦਾ ਜੋੜ)
ਵਿੱਚ ਅੰਤਰ ਹੈ।
Cohesion ਦੀ ਵਰਤੋਂ ਕਰਕੇ ਲਿਖਤ
ਨੂੰ ਪੜ੍ਹਨ ਵਿੱਚ
ਸੌਖੀ ਬਣਾਇਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ।
58. ਮਾਤ੍ਰਭਾਸ਼ਾ
ਦੇ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵ ਕਾਰਨ ਹੋਣ ਵਾਲੀਆਂ ਗਲਤੀਆਂ ਕਿਹੜੇ ਕਾਰਕ ਨੂੰ ਦਰਸਾਉਂਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ?
a) ਸਮਾਜਿਕ ਦਬਾਅ
b) ਪਹਿਲੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਦਾ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵ
c) ਸਿਰਫ ਅਧਿਆਪਕ ਦੀ ਕਮੀ
d) ਸਿਰਫ ਪ੍ਰੇਰਣਾ ਦੀ ਘਾਟ
Correct Answer: (b) ਪਹਿਲੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ
ਦਾ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵ
Explanation: ਜਦੋਂ
ਦੂਜੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਸਿੱਖਦੇ ਹੋਏ
ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀ ਆਪਣੀ ਮਾਂ ਬੋਲੀ
ਦੇ ਨਿਯਮਾਂ (ਧੁਨੀਆਂ,
ਵਾਕ ਬਣਤਰ) ਨੂੰ
ਨਵੀਂ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਵਿੱਚ ਲਿਆਉਂਦੇ
ਹਨ, ਤਾਂ ਇਹ
ਗਲਤੀਆਂ ‘Interference’ ਜਾਂ ‘L1 transfer’ ਕਹਾਉਂਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ।
Additional Info: ਉਦਾਹਰਨ:
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ ਵਿੱਚ ‘ਮੈਨੂੰ ਪਤਾ
ਹੈ’ ਨੂੰ ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ
ਵਿੱਚ ‘I know’ (ਨਾ ਕਿ
‘To me know is’) । ਅਧਿਆਪਕ ਨੂੰ ਅਜਿਹੀਆਂ
ਖਾਸ ਗਲਤੀਆਂ ਦੀ
ਪਛਾਣ ਕਰਕੇ ਸੁਧਾਰ ਕਰਨਾ
ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ।
59. ਵਿਹਾਰਵਾਦ
(Behaviorism) ਦਾ ਮੁੱਖ ਚਿੰਤਕ ਕੌਣ ਹੈ?
a) ਪਿਆਜੇ (Piaget)
b) ਵਿਗੋਤਸਕੀ (Vygotsky)
c) ਚੋਮਸਕੀ (Chomsky)
d) ਸਕਿਨਰ (Skinner)
Correct Answer: (d) ਸਕਿਨਰ (Skinner)
Explanation: ਬੀ.
ਐੱਫ. ਸਕਿਨਰ ਨੇ ਵਿਹਾਰਵਾਦ
ਨੂੰ ‘ਕਿਰਿਆ-ਪ੍ਰਤਿਬਿੰਬ’ (Operant Conditioning) ਦੇ ਸਿਧਾਂਤ
ਰਾਹੀਂ ਅੱਗੇ ਵਧਾਇਆ।
ਉਹ ਮੰਨਦਾ ਸੀ
ਕਿ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ ਦੁਹਰਾਓ,
ਪੁਰਸਕਾਰ ਅਤੇ ਸਜ਼ਾ ਦੁਆਰਾ
ਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ।
Additional Info: ਪਿਆਜੇ
(ਬੋਧਾਤਮਕ ਵਿਕਾਸ), ਵਿਗੋਤਸਕੀ (ਸਮਾਜਿਕ
ਸਿੱਖਿਆ), ਚੋਮਸਕੀ (ਜਨਮਜਾਤ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ
ਸਮਰੱਥਾ) – ਇਹ ਸਾਰੇ
ਵਿਹਾਰਵਾਦ ਦੇ ਆਲੋਚਕ
ਸਨ। ਪਿਛਲੇ
PSTET ਪੇਪਰਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਕਿਨਰ ਦਾ
ਨਾਂ ਆਮ ਪੁੱਛਿਆ
ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ।
60. ਭਾਸ਼ਾਈ
ਯੋਗਤਾ ਨੂੰ "ਰੁੱਖ ਦੀ ਜੜ੍ਹ" ਨਾਲ
ਤੁਲਨਾ ਕਰਨ ਦਾ ਅਰਥ ਹੈ:
a) ਯੋਗਤਾ ਦੇਖਣਯੋਗ ਹੈ
b) ਯੋਗਤਾ ਗੈਰ-ਜ਼ਰੂਰੀ ਹੈ
c) ਯੋਗਤਾ ਅਦਿੱਖ ਹੈ ਪਰ
ਪ੍ਰਦਰਸ਼ਨ ਨੂੰ ਪਾਲਦੀ ਹੈ
d) ਪ੍ਰਦਰਸ਼ਨ ਹੀ ਮੁੱਖ
ਹੈ
Correct Answer: (c) ਯੋਗਤਾ ਅਦਿੱਖ
ਹੈ ਪਰ ਪ੍ਰਦਰਸ਼ਨ
ਨੂੰ ਪਾਲਦੀ ਹੈ
Explanation: ਜਿਵੇਂ
ਜੜ੍ਹ ਜ਼ਮੀਨ ਹੇਠਾਂ ਅਦਿੱਖ
ਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ ਪਰ
ਪੂਰੇ ਰੁੱਖ (ਤਣੇ, ਪੱਤੇ,
ਫੁੱਲ) ਨੂੰ ਤਾਕਤ ਦਿੰਦੀ
ਹੈ, ਉਸੇ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ
‘Competence’ (ਭਾਸ਼ਾਈ ਯੋਗਤਾ) ਅਦਿੱਖ ਹੁੰਦੀ
ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ‘Performance’ (ਬੋਲਣ/ਲਿਖਣ) ਨੂੰ ਸੰਭਵ
ਬਣਾਉਂਦੀ ਹੈ।
Additional Info: ਚੋਮਸਕੀ
ਦੀ ਇਹ ਉਪਮਾ
ਬਹੁਤ ਮਸ਼ਹੂਰ ਹੈ।
ਇਹ ਸਮਝਾਉਂਦੀ ਹੈ
ਕਿ ਅਸੀਂ ਕਿਸੇ
ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਦੀ ਯੋਗਤਾ
ਨੂੰ ਸਿੱਧਾ ਨਹੀਂ
ਵੇਖ ਸਕਦੇ, ਪਰ
ਉਸਦੇ ਪ੍ਰਦਰਸ਼ਨ (ਗੱਲਬਾਤ, ਲਿਖਤ)
ਤੋਂ ਉਸਦੀ ਯੋਗਤਾ
ਬਾਰੇ ਅੰਦਾਜ਼ਾ ਲਾ ਸਕਦੇ
ਹਾਂ।
English
61. What has been the dominant cause of climate change
since the mid-twentieth century?
a) Natural volcanic eruptions
b) Changes in solar radiation
c) Human activities
d) Shifts in ocean currents
Correct Answer: (c) Human activities
Explanation: Since the mid‑20th century, human
activities such as burning fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial
processes have released enormous amounts of greenhouse gases. These trap heat
in the atmosphere, making human activity the dominant driver of recent climate
change, not natural factors.
Additional Info: The Intergovernmental Panel on
Climate Change (IPCC) confirms that more than 90% of warming since 1950 is due
to human actions. Natural causes like volcanic eruptions or solar changes have
only minor, short‑term effects.
62. The term 'global warming' as used in the passage
refers to:
a) Seasonal rise in temperature
b) Rise in Earth's average temperature due to trapped heat
c) Increase in solar energy
d) Increase in atmospheric oxygen
Correct Answer: (b) Rise in Earth's average
temperature due to trapped heat
Explanation: Global warming specifically means
the long‑term increase in Earth’s average surface temperature caused by
enhanced greenhouse effect – heat trapped by gases like carbon dioxide and
methane. It is not seasonal or due to solar energy increase.
Additional Info: Global warming is one aspect of
climate change. While climate change includes shifts in rainfall, storms, etc.,
global warming refers directly to rising temperatures. The main cause is human‑emitted
greenhouse gases.
63. Which international agreement pledged to limit global
temperature rise to well below 2°C?
a) Kyoto Protocol
b) Rio Declaration
c) Montreal Protocol
d) Paris Agreement
Correct Answer: (d) Paris Agreement
Explanation: The Paris Agreement (2015), adopted
by 196 countries, aims to keep the global temperature rise this century well
below 2°C above pre‑industrial levels, and to pursue efforts to limit it to
1.5°C. The Kyoto Protocol (1997) had different targets for developed countries.
Additional Info: The Montreal Protocol (1987)
phased out ozone‑depleting substances. The Rio Declaration (1992) set
principles for sustainable development but no binding temperature limit. India
is a signatory to the Paris Agreement.
64. The word 'unprecedented' in the passage most nearly
means:
a) Very common
b) Gradual and slow
c) Never seen before
d) Fully expected
Correct Answer: (c) Never seen before
Explanation: ‘Unprecedented’ means something
that has no precedent or prior example – i.e., never happened or existed
before. In climate passages, it describes the current rate of warming as unlike
any period in human history.
Additional Info: Synonyms include ‘unrivalled’,
‘record‑breaking’, ‘extraordinary’. Antonyms would be ‘commonplace’,
‘ordinary’. PSTET vocabulary questions often test such context‑based meanings.
65. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the
passage as a consequence of climate change?
a) Rising sea levels
b) Increase in nuclear radiation
c) Melting of glaciers
d) Decline in agricultural productivity
Correct Answer: (b) Increase in nuclear
radiation
Explanation: Climate change leads to rising sea
levels (from melting ice and thermal expansion), glacier melt, and reduced crop
yields due to heat stress and erratic rainfall. Nuclear radiation is not a
consequence of climate change; it results from nuclear accidents or weapons.
Additional Info: Other documented consequences
include extreme weather events (floods, droughts), loss of biodiversity, and
ocean acidification. PSTET expects candidates to distinguish between direct and
unrelated effects.
66. Identify the noun:
a) Run
b) Happiness
c) Quickly
d) To
Correct Answer: (b) Happiness
Explanation: A noun names a person, place,
thing, or idea. ‘Happiness’ is an abstract noun (an idea). ‘Run’ can be a verb
or sometimes a noun (e.g., a run), but ‘happiness’ is unambiguously a noun.
‘Quickly’ is an adverb, ‘to’ is a preposition.
Additional Info: Abstract nouns like happiness,
bravery, love are tested frequently. ‘Run’ as a noun (e.g., a morning run) is
acceptable but less common. In PSTET, the safest clear noun is chosen.
67. She ______ German very well.
a) Speak
b) Speaks
c) Tell
d) Listen
Correct Answer: (b) Speaks
Explanation: The subject ‘She’ is third person
singular, so the present simple verb takes ‘-s’ → ‘speaks’. ‘Tell’ means to
narrate; ‘listen’ is intransitive and needs ‘to’. The sentence describes
ability or habit.
Additional Info: Common error: students forget
the ‘‑s’ for he/she/it. Remind: “She speaks”, “He works”, “It rains”. For
PSTET, subject‑verb agreement is a key grammar topic.
68. Synonym of pain
a) Danger
b) Suffering
c) Risk
d) Painful
Correct Answer: (b) Suffering
Explanation: A synonym is a word with similar
meaning. ‘Pain’ refers to physical or mental distress; ‘suffering’ is the
closest synonym. ‘Danger’ and ‘risk’ relate to harm, not the sensation itself.
‘Painful’ is an adjective, not a noun synonym.
Additional Info: Other synonyms: ache, agony,
torment. PSTET often asks synonyms from passages or general vocabulary. Learn
word families (pain – painful – painfully).
69. Antonym of brilliant
a) Shining
b) Dull
c) Flat
d) Apparent
Correct Answer: (b) Dull
Explanation: ‘Brilliant’ means very bright,
intelligent, or outstanding. Its antonym (opposite) is ‘dull’ – lacking
brightness, interest, or intelligence. ‘Shining’ is similar, ‘flat’ can mean
unexciting but not direct opposite, ‘apparent’ means clear.
Additional Info: Other antonyms: dim, stupid,
lackluster. In PSTET, antonym questions often test common adjectives. Practice
with word pairs: bright/dull, sharp/blunt, clever/stupid.
70. Identify the adjective
a) Tire
b) Tireless
c) Talk
d) Gold
Correct Answer: (b) Tireless
Explanation: An adjective describes a noun.
‘Tireless’ (meaning never getting tired) is an adjective. ‘Tire’ is a
verb/noun, ‘talk’ verb/noun, ‘gold’ noun (though can be adjective in ‘gold
chain’, but here alone it’s noun).
Additional Info: Adjective suffixes: -less
(tireless), -ful (beautiful), -y (snowy). PSTET may give base words and ask for
derived adjectives. ‘Tireless’ describes a person’s quality.
71. Choose the correct sentence
a) Ram mango is sweet.
b) Ram's mango is sweeter then Shyam.
c) Ram's mango is sweetest.
d) Ram's mango is sweet.
Correct Answer: (d) Ram's mango is sweet.
Explanation: Option (a) missing apostrophe
(Ram’s). (b) uses ‘then’ instead of ‘than’ for comparison. (c) uses superlative
‘sweetest’ without context (compared to what?) – it needs ‘the’ and a group.
(d) is a simple, grammatically correct positive statement.
Additional Info: Possessive apostrophe: Ram’s
mango. Comparison: sweeter than (not then). Superlative: the sweetest. For
PSTET, focus on common errors: apostrophes, than/then, article usage.
72. John is writing on the smart panel. Tense is:
a) Present tense
b) Past tense
c) Present continuous tense
d) Present perfect continuous tense
Correct Answer: (c) Present continuous tense
Explanation: The verb phrase ‘is writing’
combines ‘is’ (present of ‘to be’) + present participle ‘writing’. This
structure expresses an action happening right now or around the present moment
– the present continuous tense.
Additional Info: Present continuous: am/is/are +
V‑ing. Past continuous: was/were + V‑ing. Present perfect continuous: has/have
been + V‑ing. PSTET frequently tests tense identification.
73. Identity pronoun
a) Book
b) Suit
c) Hit
d) He
Correct Answer: (d) He
Explanation: A pronoun replaces a noun (e.g.,
‘Ram’ → ‘he’). ‘He’ is a personal pronoun (third person masculine). ‘Book’,
‘suit’ are nouns; ‘hit’ is a verb. Pronouns include I, we, you, he, she, it,
they, etc.
Additional Info: Types of pronouns: personal,
possessive (his, her), demonstrative (this), interrogative (who). PSTET often
asks to identify pronouns in a sentence or choose from options.
74. Offspring of a fish is called
a) Kitten
b) Fry
c) Lamb
d) Calf
Correct Answer: (b) Fry
Explanation: Young fish are called ‘fry’ (after
hatching from eggs). ‘Kitten’ is a young cat, ‘lamb’ young sheep, ‘calf’ young
cow or whale. This is a vocabulary question about animal young ones.
Additional Info: Other animal young: puppy
(dog), cub (lion/bear), chick (bird), larva (insect). PSTET may ask such
general knowledge items, especially in Social Studies/EVS section.
75. The book is ______ the table.
a) at
b) over
c) lying
d) on
Correct Answer: (d) on
Explanation: The correct preposition to show
surface contact is ‘on’. ‘At’ indicates a point, ‘over’ means above but not
touching, ‘lying’ is a verb (needs a form like ‘lying on’). The complete
sentence: “The book is on the table.”
Additional Info: Common prepositions of place:
in (inside), on (surface), at (specific point), under (below). PSTET tests
prepositions frequently. ‘Over’ would change meaning.
76. Identify adverb
a) Quick
b) Quickness
c) Quickly
d) Quicker
Correct Answer: (c) Quickly
Explanation: An adverb modifies a verb,
adjective, or another adverb. ‘Quickly’ ends in ‘‑ly’ and describes how an
action is done (e.g., runs quickly). ‘Quick’ is adjective, ‘quickness’ noun,
‘quicker’ comparative adjective.
Additional Info: Not all adverbs end in -ly
(e.g., fast, well), but many do. PSTET expects recognition of common adverb
forms. Adverbs answer: how? when? where? to what extent?
77. We have been waiting for you ______ three hours.
a) for
b) since
c) for a very long time
d) from
Correct Answer: (a) for
Explanation: Use ‘for’ to indicate a duration or
length of time (three hours). ‘Since’ is used with a specific starting point
(e.g., since 2 o’clock). ‘For a very long time’ is wordy and not standard after
‘waiting’. ‘From’ indicates origin or start.
Additional Info: “For + period” (for three days,
for an hour). “Since + point” (since Monday, since 1990). Common error: mixing
them. PSTET frequently tests for/since distinction.
78. Use correct form of verb: He ______ to Delhi
yesterday.
a) Go
b) Gone
c) Went
d) Going
Correct Answer: (c) Went
Explanation: ‘Yesterday’ is a past time marker,
so the verb must be in simple past tense. ‘Go’ is base form, ‘gone’ is past
participle (needs helping verb), ‘going’ is present participle – none fit
alone. ‘Went’ is the correct simple past form.
Additional Info: Irregular verb go – went –
gone. Simple past for completed actions in the past. PSTET tests verb tense
consistency with time adverbs (yesterday, last week, etc.).
79. Beautiful is a :
a) Noun
b) Adjective
c) Adverb
d) Verb
Correct Answer: (b) Adjective
Explanation: ‘Beautiful’ describes a noun (e.g.,
a beautiful flower). It is a quality‑giving word, hence an adjective. The noun
form is ‘beauty’, the adverb is ‘beautifully’, and there is no verb form
directly.
Additional Info: Adjective suffixes: -ful
(beautiful), -ous (dangerous), -y (sunny). PSTET asks to identify parts of
speech; remember that adjectives answer “What kind? Which one? How many?”
80. Each of the students ______ submitted the assignment.
a) have
b) are
c) has
d) were
Correct Answer: (c) has
Explanation: ‘Each’ is singular, so the verb
must be singular. ‘Each of the students’ takes a singular verb – ‘has’ (present
perfect). ‘Have’ is plural, ‘are’ and ‘were’ are plural or past. Correct: “Each
... has submitted.”
Additional Info: Indefinite pronouns like each,
every, either, neither, one, everyone are always singular. Common PSTET error:
using plural verb with ‘each’. E.g., “Each of the boys is (not are) ready.”
81. Language learning occurs best when:
a) Student rote the content
b) Memorize matter
c) Active use of language
d) Speak only
Correct Answer: (c) Active use of language
Explanation: Research shows that language is
acquired through meaningful interaction and active production (speaking,
writing, using language in context), not passive memorization or rote learning.
Active use engages multiple skills and reinforces retention.
Additional Info: Communicative Language Teaching
(CLT) emphasizes active use. Rote learning may help vocabulary temporarily but
does not develop fluency. PSTET supports learner‑centered, active
methodologies.
82. Which one is the part of communicative approach ?
a) Grammar
b) Communication
c) Writing
d) Reading
Correct Answer: (b) Communication
Explanation: The communicative approach
prioritises real‑life communication and interaction over isolated grammar
drills. Its core is enabling learners to express meaning and function in the
target language. Grammar, writing, reading are tools, but communication is the
main goal.
Additional Info: Communicative competence
includes grammatical, sociolinguistic, discourse, and strategic competence.
PSTET often contrasts this with structural or grammar‑translation methods.
83. How can students develop listening skills?
a) Reading
b) Speaking
c) Writing
d) Hearing
Correct Answer: (d) Hearing
Explanation: Listening skills develop through
exposure to auditory input – i.e., hearing (and actively processing) spoken
language. While reading, speaking, writing are different skills, listening
specifically improves when students hear conversations, stories, audio clips,
etc. ‘Hearing’ here means purposeful listening.
Additional Info: Effective listening activities:
following instructions, listening to stories and answering questions, watching
videos with audio. PSTET notes that listening is a receptive skill, best
improved by meaningful auditory input.
84. Writing skill reflects
a) Listening
b) Expression
c) Hearing
d) Speaking
Correct Answer: (b) Expression
Explanation: Writing is a productive skill that
allows a person to express thoughts, ideas, emotions, and information in
written form. It reflects one’s ability to organise and convey meaning – i.e.,
expression. Listening and hearing are receptive; speaking is oral expression.
Additional Info: Writing involves grammar,
vocabulary, organisation and clarity. It is a key mode of expression in
academic and professional life. PSTET tests understanding of language skills
and their interrelations.
85. For whom we are required to provide remedial
learning?
a) All Students
b) Weak students
c) Extraordinary students
d) Teachers
Correct Answer: (b) Weak students
Explanation: Remedial teaching is specifically
designed for students who lag behind or have learning difficulties. It
addresses gaps in understanding, provides extra support, and helps them catch
up with peers. It is not for all or for gifted students.
Additional Info: Remedial strategies include
diagnostic testing, individualized instruction, simplified materials, and extra
practice. PSTET emphasises inclusive education and support for struggling
learners.
86. Role of English language lab is:
a) Watch you tube
b) Game of words
c) Develop Listening, Speaking, Reading, Writing
d) Use of internet
Correct Answer: (c) Develop Listening, Speaking,
Reading, Writing
Explanation: A language lab is a dedicated space
equipped with audio/video tools to help learners practice all four language
skills – LSRW (Listening, Speaking, Reading, Writing) in an interactive, self‑paced
environment. It is not for entertainment or mere internet use.
Additional Info: Language labs provide recorded
dialogues, pronunciation practice, and instant feedback. They are especially
useful for improving listening and speaking, which are often neglected in
traditional classrooms.
87. What is LSRW?
a) Learning, Sighting, Reading, Writing
b) Listening, Speaking, Reading, Writing
c) Listening, Saying, Reading, Writing
d) Learning, Speaking, Revising, Writing
Correct Answer: (b) Listening, Speaking,
Reading, Writing
Explanation: In language teaching, LSRW stands
for the four primary skills in order of natural acquisition (though not
strictly sequential): Listening, Speaking, Reading, Writing. These are the
pillars of language proficiency.
Additional Info: Listening and reading are
receptive skills; speaking and writing are productive. A balanced language
curriculum integrates all four. PSTET frequently uses the acronym LSRW.
88. An error correction in a classroom should be:
a) Hindrance in learning
b) Quick and helping
c) Ignored
d) Punishment
Correct Answer: (b) Quick and helping
Explanation: Effective error correction is
immediate or timely, constructive, and supportive – not harsh or demotivating.
It should help the learner understand the mistake and correct it without
causing embarrassment. Quick, helpful feedback promotes learning.
Additional Info: Techniques: recasting (modeling
correct form), elicitation, metalinguistic clues. Errors should never be
punished; they are natural steps in learning. PSTET advocates positive error
management.
89. The language can be learnt by a child effectively
through
a) Fear
b) Interaction
c) Memory
d) Writing
Correct Answer: (b) Interaction
Explanation: Children learn language naturally
through social interaction – talking with parents, peers, and teachers.
Interaction provides comprehensible input, negotiation of meaning, and
authentic use. Fear or rote memory alone is ineffective and may hinder learning.
Additional Info: Vygotsky’s social interaction
theory, Bruner’s LASS (Language Acquisition Support System) highlight
interaction. Communicative classrooms encourage pair work, group discussions,
and real‑life tasks.
90. The main aim of teaching language at primary level is
a) Grammar mastery
b) Communication ability
c) Grasping
d) Merely dictating
Correct Answer: (b) Communication ability
Explanation: At primary level, the primary goal
is to enable children to communicate their needs, thoughts, and feelings
effectively in real‑life situations. Grammar is a tool, not an end. Focusing on
communication builds confidence and basic fluency.
Additional Info: NEP 2020 and language teaching
guidelines stress functional language use. Dictation or rote grammar drills
should not dominate primary classrooms. PSTET aligns with communicative and
child‑centred approaches.
Social
Studies
91. The location of the Garo and Khasi hills in India is
in: / ਭਾਰਤ ਵਿੱਚ ਗਾਰੋ ਅਤੇ ਖਾਸੀ ਪਹਾੜੀਆਂ ਦੀ ਸਥਿਤੀ ਕਿੱਥੇ
ਹੈ?
a) North-West / ਉੱਤਰ-ਪੱਛਮ
b) West / ਪੱਛਮ
c) North-East / ਉੱਤਰ-ਪੂਰਬ
d) South / ਦੱਖਣ
Correct Answer: (c) North-East / ਉੱਤਰ-ਪੂਰਬ
Explanation: Garo and Khasi hills are part of
the Meghalaya plateau in northeastern India. They lie in the state of
Meghalaya, which is one of the Seven Sister states in the North‑East region.
Additional Info: These hills are known for high
rainfall and unique biodiversity. The Garo and Khasi people are indigenous
tribal communities. Shillong, the capital of Meghalaya, is located in the Khasi
hills.
92. Stone tools were used primarily for: / ਪੱਥਰ ਦੇ ਔਜ਼ਾਰ ਮੁੱਖ
ਤੌਰ 'ਤੇ ਕਿਸ ਲਈ
ਵਰਤੇ ਜਾਂਦੇ ਸਨ?
a) Decoration / ਸਜਾਵਟ
b) Trade / ਵਪਾਰ
c) Worship / ਪੂਜਾ
d) Cutting and hunting / ਕੱਟਣ
ਅਤੇ ਸ਼ਿਕਾਰ ਕਰਨ
Correct Answer: (d) Cutting and hunting / ਕੱਟਣ ਅਤੇ ਸ਼ਿਕਾਰ
ਕਰਨ
Explanation: Early stone tools (Paleolithic)
were functional – used for cutting meat, scraping hides, hunting animals, and
processing plant foods. Decoration, trade, or worship came much later in human
history.
Additional Info: The first stone tools (Oldowan)
date back ~2.6 million years. Later, Acheulian handaxes and flake tools
improved efficiency. Stone tools mark the beginning of human technology.
93. In the present time, Bhimbetka is in: / ਵਰਤਮਾਨ ਸਮੇਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਭੀਮਬੇਟਕਾ ਕਿੱਥੇ ਸਥਿਤ ਹੈ?
a) Madhya Pradesh / ਮੱਧ ਪ੍ਰਦੇਸ਼
b) Maharashtra / ਮਹਾਰਾਸ਼ਟਰ
c) Chhattisgarh / ਛੱਤੀਸਗੜ੍ਹ
d) Uttar Pradesh / ਉੱਤਰ ਪ੍ਰਦੇਸ਼
Correct Answer: (a) Madhya Pradesh / ਮੱਧ ਪ੍ਰਦੇਸ਼
Explanation: Bhimbetka rock shelters are located
in Raisen district of Madhya Pradesh, near Bhopal. They are famous for
prehistoric cave paintings and are a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Additional Info: The paintings date from
Paleolithic to medieval times. Bhimbetka was discovered in 1957–58 by V. S.
Wakankar. The name is associated with Bhima from the Mahabharata.
94. The Great Bath was found at: / ਮਹਾਨ ਇਸ਼ਨਾਨਘਰ (Great Bath) ਕਿੱਥੇ ਮਿਲਿਆ ਸੀ?
a) Harappa / ਹੜੱਪਾ
b) Mohenjodaro / ਮੋਹਿੰਜੋ-ਦੜੋ
c) Lothal / ਲੋਥਲ
d) Kalibangan / ਕਾਲੀਬੰਗਨ
Correct Answer: (b) Mohenjodaro / ਮੋਹਿੰਜੋ-ਦੜੋ
Explanation: The Great Bath, a large brick water
tank with steps and waterproofing, is the most famous structure at Mohenjodaro
(in present‑day Sindh, Pakistan). It was likely used for ritual bathing.
Additional Info: The Great Bath measures ~12m ×
7m × 2.4m deep. Similar structures are not found at Harappa or other sites.
Lothal had a dockyard, Kalibangan had fire altars.
95. Probably 7000 years ago, cotton was first grown at: /
ਲਗਭਗ 7000 ਸਾਲ ਪਹਿਲਾਂ ਕਪਾਹ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਪਹਿਲਾਂ
ਕਿੱਥੇ ਉਗਾਈ ਗਈ ਸੀ?
a) Lothal / ਲੋਥਲ
b) Harappa / ਹੜੱਪਾ
c) Kalibangan / ਕਾਲੀਬੰਗਨ
d) Mehrgarh / ਮਹਿਰਗੜ੍ਹ
Correct Answer: (d) Mehrgarh / ਮਹਿਰਗੜ੍ਹ
Explanation: Archaeological evidence from
Mehrgarh (in present‑day Balochistan, Pakistan) shows cotton cultivation around
5000 BCE (7000 years ago). Mehrgarh is one of the earliest Neolithic sites in
South Asia.
Additional Info: Cotton fragments and seeds have
been found at Mehrgarh. Later, the Indus Valley civilization (Harappa, Lothal)
produced cotton textiles and traded them.
96. Domestication is the process of ______ by people. / ਪਾਲਤੂਕਰਨ (Domestication) ਲੋਕਾਂ ਦੁਆਰਾ ______ ਦੀ ਪ੍ਰਕਿਰਿਆ ਹੈ।
a) Growing plants and looking after animals / ਪੌਦੇ
ਉਗਾਉਣ ਅਤੇ ਜਾਨਵਰਾਂ ਦੀ
ਦੇਖਭਾਲ ਕਰਨ
b) Storing grains only / ਕੇਵਲ
ਅਨਾਜ ਸੰਭਾਲਣ
c) Looking after animals only / ਕੇਵਲ
ਜਾਨਵਰਾਂ ਦੀ ਦੇਖਭਾਲ
ਕਰਨ
d) Growing plants only / ਕੇਵਲ
ਪੌਦੇ ਉਗਾਉਣ
Correct Answer: (a) Growing plants and looking
after animals / ਪੌਦੇ ਉਗਾਉਣ ਅਤੇ ਜਾਨਵਰਾਂ
ਦੀ ਦੇਖਭਾਲ ਕਰਨ
Explanation: Domestication means taming wild
plants (modern crops) and wild animals (livestock) for human use. It includes
both plant cultivation and animal husbandry. This transition marked the
Neolithic Revolution.
Additional Info: Domestication began around
10,000 years ago. Key domesticated plants: wheat, barley, rice; animals: goat,
sheep, cow, dog. It led to settled farming communities.
97. Megasthenes visited India during the reign of: / ਮੈਗਾਸਥਨੀਜ਼ ਨੇ ਕਿਸ ਦੇ
ਸ਼ਾਸਨਕਾਲ ਦੌਰਾਨ ਭਾਰਤ ਦੀ ਯਾਤਰਾ ਕੀਤੀ
ਸੀ?
a) Harshavardhana / ਹਰਸ਼ਵਰਧਨ
b) Bindusara / ਬਿੰਦੁਸਾਰ
c) Ashoka / ਅਸ਼ੋਕ
d) Chandragupta Maurya / ਚੰਦਰਗੁਪਤ
ਮੌਰੀਆ
Correct Answer: (d) Chandragupta Maurya / ਚੰਦਰਗੁਪਤ ਮੌਰੀਆ
Explanation: Megasthenes was a Greek ambassador
sent by Seleucus I Nicator to the court of Chandragupta Maurya. He wrote
‘Indica’, which describes Mauryan administration, society, and Pataliputra.
Additional Info: ‘Indica’ survives only in
fragments quoted by later authors. Megasthenes mentioned that Pataliputra was a
magnificent city with a royal council and a large army.
98. Ashoka's inscriptions are found on: / ਅਸ਼ੋਕ ਦੇ ਸ਼ਿਲਾਲੇਖ ਕਿੱਥੇ
ਮਿਲਦੇ ਹਨ?
a) Coins / ਸਿੱਕਿਆਂ 'ਤੇ
b) Metal / ਧਾਤੂ 'ਤੇ
c) Rocks and pillars / ਚੱਟਾਨਾਂ
ਅਤੇ ਥੰਮ੍ਹਾਂ 'ਤੇ
d) Cloth / ਕੱਪੜੇ 'ਤੇ
Correct Answer: (c) Rocks and pillars / ਚੱਟਾਨਾਂ ਅਤੇ ਥੰਮ੍ਹਾਂ
'ਤੇ
Explanation: Emperor Ashoka inscribed his edicts
on natural rocks and polished sandstone pillars across his empire. These edicts
were written in Brahmi, Kharosthi, Greek, and Aramaic scripts.
Additional Info: Over 40 Ashokan inscriptions
have been found from Afghanistan to Karnataka. Pillars at Sarnath, Lauriya
Nandangarh, and rock edicts at Girnar, Dhauli, etc., are famous.
99. Which one of the following minerals is formed by
decomposition of rocks, leaving a residual mass of weathered material? / ਹੇਠਾਂ ਦਿੱਤੇ ਖਣਿਜਾਂ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਕਿਹੜਾ ਚੱਟਾਨਾਂ ਦੇ ਸੜਨ ਨਾਲ
ਬਣਦਾ ਹੈ, ਜਿਸ ਨਾਲ ਮੌਸਮ-ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵਿਤ ਸਮੱਗਰੀ ਦਾ ਬਚਿਆ-ਖੁਚਿਆ
ਢੇਰ ਰਹਿ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ?
a) Coal / ਕੋਲਾ
b) Gold / ਸੋਨਾ
c) Zinc / ਜ਼ਿੰਕ
d) Bauxite / ਬਾਕਸਾਈਟ
Correct Answer: (d) Bauxite / ਬਾਕਸਾਈਟ
Explanation: Bauxite forms by intense weathering
of aluminium‑rich rocks in tropical climates. Silica and other soluble
materials are leached away, leaving a residual mass of aluminium oxides
(bauxite).
Additional Info: Bauxite is the primary ore of
aluminium. India has bauxite deposits in Odisha, Jharkhand, Gujarat, and
Chhattisgarh. Coal is sedimentary, gold is primary or placer, zinc is
hydrothermal.
100. Enlightenment means: / ਗਿਆਨ-ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤੀ (Enlightenment) ਦਾ ਅਰਥ ਹੈ:
a) Knowledge of trade / ਵਪਾਰ
ਦਾ ਗਿਆਨ
b) Spiritual awakening / ਅਧਿਆਤਮਿਕ
ਜਾਗ੍ਰਿਤੀ
c) Political power / ਰਾਜਨੀਤਿਕ
ਸ਼ਕਤੀ
d) Knowledge of farming / ਖੇਤੀਬਾੜੀ
ਦਾ ਗਿਆਨ
Correct Answer: (b) Spiritual awakening / ਅਧਿਆਤਮਿਕ ਜਾਗ੍ਰਿਤੀ
Explanation: In religious and philosophical
contexts (Buddhism, Hinduism, Jainism), enlightenment (bodhi, moksha) means
spiritual awakening – freedom from ignorance and desire, understanding ultimate
truth.
Additional Info: The Buddha attained
enlightenment under the Bodhi tree. In Western history, ‘Enlightenment’ (Age of
Reason) refers to an 18th‑century intellectual movement. But here, the context
is spiritual.
101. The Prashastis were considered unreliable as
historical sources because: / ਪ੍ਰਸ਼ਸਤੀਆਂ
ਨੂੰ ਇਤਿਹਾਸਕ ਸਰੋਤਾਂ ਵਜੋਂ ਭਰੋਸੇਯੋਗ ਕਿਉਂ ਨਹੀਂ ਮੰਨਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਸੀ?
a) They were written in local languages / ਇਹ
ਸਥਾਨਕ ਭਾਸ਼ਾਵਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਲਿਖੀਆਂ
ਗਈਆਂ ਸਨ
b) They ignored economic details / ਇਹਨਾਂ
ਵਿੱਚ ਆਰਥਿਕ ਵੇਰਵਿਆਂ ਨੂੰ
ਅਣਡਿੱਠ ਕੀਤਾ ਗਿਆ ਸੀ
c) They exaggerated the achievements of rulers / ਇਹ
ਸ਼ਾਸਕਾਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤੀਆਂ ਨੂੰ
ਵਧਾ-ਚੜ੍ਹਾ ਕੇ
ਦੱਸਦੀਆਂ ਸਨ
d) They were written by foreign travellers / ਇਹ
ਵਿਦੇਸ਼ੀ ਯਾਤਰੀਆਂ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਲਿਖੀਆਂ
ਗਈਆਂ ਸਨ
Correct Answer: (c) They exaggerated the
achievements of rulers / ਇਹ
ਸ਼ਾਸਕਾਂ ਦੀਆਂ ਪ੍ਰਾਪਤੀਆਂ ਨੂੰ
ਵਧਾ-ਚੜ੍ਹਾ ਕੇ
ਦੱਸਦੀਆਂ ਸਨ
Explanation: Prashastis were eulogistic
inscriptions composed by court poets praising rulers in hyperbolic terms. They
often exaggerated conquests and virtues, making them biased and less reliable
for objective history.
Additional Info: Despite bias, they provide
useful information about dynasties, titles, and cultural values. Examples:
Allahabad Prashasti of Samudragupta (by Harishena) and many medieval temple
inscriptions.
102. Which one of the following was NOT mentioned in the
Chola inscriptions? / ਹੇਠਾਂ
ਦਿੱਤੇ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਕਿਹੜਾ ਚੋਲ ਸ਼ਿਲਾਲੇਖਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਜ਼ਿਕਰ ਨਹੀਂ ਕੀਤਾ ਗਿਆ ਸੀ?
a) Brahmadeya / ਬ੍ਰਹਮਦੇਯ
b) Devadaan / ਦੇਵਦਾਨ
c) Shalabhoga / ਸ਼ਾਲਭੋਗ
d) Iqta / ਇਕਤਾ
Correct Answer: (d) Iqta / ਇਕਤਾ
Explanation: Iqta was a land revenue assignment
system in the Delhi Sultanate, not in Chola inscriptions. Chola inscriptions
mention Brahmadeya (land to Brahmins), Devadana (land to temples), and
Shalabhoga (land for school maintenance).
Additional Info: Chola inscriptions are rich in
land revenue and village administration records. Iqta system was introduced by
Iltutmish and later used by Khaljis and Tughlaqs.
103. The Khilji Dynasty ruled the Delhi Sultanate during:
/ ਖਿਲਜੀ ਵੰਸ਼ ਨੇ ਦਿੱਲੀ ਸਲਤਨਤ
'ਤੇ ਕਿੱਥੋਂ ਤੱਕ ਰਾਜ ਕੀਤਾ?
a) 1290–1318 AD
b) 1290–1320 AD
c) 1290–1324 AD
d) 1290–1330 AD
Correct Answer: (b) 1290–1320 AD
Explanation: The Khilji dynasty ruled from 1290
(Jalaluddin Khilji) to 1320 (last ruler Khusrau Khan). Alauddin Khilji
(1296–1316) was the most powerful ruler.
Additional Info: Alauddin Khilji expanded the
sultanate into South India, introduced market controls, and repelled Mongol
invasions. The dynasty ended in 1320 when Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq established the
Tughlaq dynasty.
104. The correct hierarchical administrative system of
the Gond Kingdom was: / ਗੌਂਡ
ਰਾਜ ਦੀ ਸਹੀ ਪ੍ਰਸ਼ਾਸਨਿਕ
ਲੜੀ ਕਿਹੜੀ ਸੀ?
a) Kingdom > Garh > Chaurasi > Barhots / ਰਾਜ > ਗੜ੍ਹ
> ਚੌਰਾਸੀ > ਬਰਹੋਟ
b) Kingdom > Chaurasi > Barhots > Garh / ਰਾਜ > ਚੌਰਾਸੀ
> ਬਰਹੋਟ > ਗੜ੍ਹ
c) Kingdom > Garh > Barhots > Chaurasi / ਰਾਜ > ਗੜ੍ਹ
> ਬਰਹੋਟ > ਚੌਰਾਸੀ
d) Kingdom > Barhots > Chaurasi > Garh / ਰਾਜ > ਬਰਹੋਟ
> ਚੌਰਾਸੀ > ਗੜ੍ਹ
Correct Answer: (a) Kingdom > Garh >
Chaurasi > Barhots / ਰਾਜ
> ਗੜ੍ਹ > ਚੌਰਾਸੀ > ਬਰਹੋਟ
Explanation: The Gond kingdom was divided into
Garhs (forts/clusters), each Garh contained 84 villages (Chaurasi), and each
Chaurasi was subdivided into Barhots (groups of 12 villages).
Additional Info: This system was efficient for
revenue and governance. Gonds ruled parts of central India (Garha Katanga,
Chanda, etc.) before Mughal expansion. Raja Sangram Shah of Garha Katanga is a
notable Gond ruler.
105. When was the Chera kingdom of Mahodayapuram
established? / ਮਹੋਦਯਾਪੁਰਮ
ਦਾ ਚੇਰ ਰਾਜ ਕਦੋਂ ਸਥਾਪਿਤ ਹੋਇਆ ਸੀ?
a) 8th century / 8ਵੀਂ ਸਦੀ
b) Late 8th century / 8ਵੀਂ ਸਦੀ ਦੇ ਅੰਤ
ਵਿੱਚ
c) 9th century / 9ਵੀਂ ਸਦੀ
d) Early 10th century / 10ਵੀਂ
ਸਦੀ ਦੇ ਸ਼ੁਰੂ
ਵਿੱਚ
Correct Answer: (c) 9th century / 9ਵੀਂ ਸਦੀ
Explanation: The Chera kingdom of Mahodayapuram
(present‑day Kodungallur, Kerala) was established in the 9th century CE. The
Chera rulers were contemporaries of the Cholas and Pandyas.
Additional Info: The Chera capital was
Mahodayapuram (also known as Makotai). Famous Chera king Shankarashastri or
Kulasekhara Alvar is known for his Bhakti poetry. The kingdom declined by the
12th century.
106. Which one of the following pairs is incorrectly
matched (classical dance — state)? / ਹੇਠਾਂ
ਦਿੱਤੇ ਜੋੜਿਆਂ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਕਿਹੜਾ ਗਲਤ ਮਿਲਾਇਆ ਗਿਆ ਹੈ (ਕਲਾਸੀਕਲ ਨਾਚ — ਰਾਜ)?
a) Bharatnatyam — Tamil Nadu / ਭਰਤਨਾਟਿਅਮ
— ਤਾਮਿਲਨਾਡੂ
b) Kathakali — Kerala / ਕਥਕਲੀ
— ਕੇਰਲਾ
c) Kathak — Uttar Pradesh / ਕਥਕ
— ਉੱਤਰ ਪ੍ਰਦੇਸ਼
d) Kuchipudi — Karnataka / ਕੁਚੀਪੁੜੀ
— ਕਰਨਾਟਕ
Correct Answer: (d) Kuchipudi — Karnataka / ਕੁਚੀਪੁੜੀ — ਕਰਨਾਟਕ
Explanation: Kuchipudi is a classical dance from
Andhra Pradesh (specifically, Kuchipudi village). Karnataka’s classical dance
is Mysore style of Bharatanatyam or Yakshagana (folk‑classical). The match is
incorrect.
Additional Info: Correct pairs: Bharatanatyam
(Tamil Nadu), Kathakali (Kerala), Kathak (Uttar Pradesh), Odissi (Odisha),
Manipuri (Manipur), Mohiniattam (Kerala).
107. Ashoka's inscription found in Kandahar was written
in which of the following scripts and languages? / ਕੰਧਾਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਮਿਲੀ ਅਸ਼ੋਕ ਦੀ ਸ਼ਿਲਾਲੇਖ ਹੇਠਾਂ
ਦਿੱਤੀਆਂ ਲਿਪੀਆਂ ਅਤੇ ਭਾਸ਼ਾਵਾਂ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਕਿਹੜੀਆਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਲਿਖੀ ਗਈ ਸੀ?
a) Greek and Brahmi / ਯੂਨਾਨੀ
ਅਤੇ ਬ੍ਰਹਮੀ
b) Aramaic and Brahmi / ਅਰਾਮੀ
ਅਤੇ ਬ੍ਰਹਮੀ
c) Greek and Aramaic / ਯੂਨਾਨੀ
ਅਤੇ ਅਰਾਮੀ
d) Devanagari and Tamil / ਦੇਵਨਾਗਰੀ
ਅਤੇ ਤਾਮਿਲ
Correct Answer: (c) Greek and Aramaic / ਯੂਨਾਨੀ ਅਤੇ ਅਰਾਮੀ
Explanation: The Kandahar inscription (in
Afghanistan) is a bilingual edict in Greek and Aramaic, intended for the Greek
and Persian populations in the region. It is one of Ashoka’s major rock edicts.
Additional Info: Greek was used in the
Hellenistic west, Aramaic was the administrative language of the Achaemenid
Empire. Other Ashokan edicts used Brahmi, Kharosthi, or Greek alone.
108. Arya Samaj was established by: / ਆਰੀਆ ਸਮਾਜ ਦੀ ਸਥਾਪਨਾ ਕਿਸਨੇ
ਕੀਤੀ?
a) Swami Vivekananda / ਸਵਾਮੀ
ਵਿਵੇਕਾਨੰਦ
b) Raja Rammohan Roy / ਰਾਜਾ
ਰਾਮਮੋਹਨ ਰਾਏ
c) Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar / ਈਸ਼ਵਰ
ਚੰਦਰ ਵਿੱਦਿਆਸਾਗਰ
d) Dayanand Saraswati / ਦਯਾਨੰਦ
ਸਰਸਵਤੀ
Correct Answer: (d) Dayanand Saraswati / ਦਯਾਨੰਦ ਸਰਸਵਤੀ
Explanation: Swami Dayanand Saraswati founded
the Arya Samaj in 1875 in Bombay. It promoted Vedic authority, monotheism, and
social reforms like women’s education and opposition to caste discrimination.
Additional Info: The Arya Samaj started the
‘Shuddhi’ movement for reconversion. Its motto is ‘Krinvanto Vishwam Aryam’
(make the world noble). Dayanand wrote ‘Satyarth Prakash’.
109. Which act was called the 'Black Act' by the Indians?
/ ਕਿਸ ਐਕਟ ਨੂੰ ਭਾਰਤੀਆਂ ਦੁਆਰਾ 'ਕਾਲਾ ਕਾਨੂੰਨ' ਕਿਹਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਸੀ?
a) Vernacular Press Act / ਵਰਨਾਕੂਲਰ
ਪ੍ਰੈੱਸ ਐਕਟ
b) Rowlatt Act / ਰੌਲਟ ਐਕਟ
c) Pitt's India Act / ਪਿਟਸ ਇੰਡੀਆ ਐਕਟ
d) Government of India Act / ਭਾਰਤ
ਸਰਕਾਰ ਐਕਟ
Correct Answer: (b) Rowlatt Act / ਰੌਲਟ ਐਕਟ
Explanation: The Rowlatt Act (1919) allowed
detention without trial and restricted civil liberties. Indians called it the
‘Black Act’ because it was deeply oppressive and led to widespread protests,
including the Jallianwala Bagh massacre.
Additional Info: The act was passed despite
unanimous Indian opposition in the Imperial Legislative Council. Gandhi
launched the Rowlatt Satyagraha in 1919. The act was never actually used
extensively but caused outrage.
110. Jyotiba Phule worked for: / ਜੋਤੀਬਾ ਫੂਲੇ ਨੇ ਕਿਸ ਲਈ
ਕੰਮ ਕੀਤਾ?
a) Women and lower castes / ਔਰਤਾਂ
ਅਤੇ ਨੀਵੀਆਂ ਜਾਤਾਂ
b) British administrators / ਬ੍ਰਿਟਿਸ਼
ਪ੍ਰਸ਼ਾਸਕਾਂ
c) Trade / ਵਪਾਰ
d) The Army / ਫ਼ੌਜ
Correct Answer: (a) Women and lower castes / ਔਰਤਾਂ ਅਤੇ ਨੀਵੀਆਂ
ਜਾਤਾਂ
Explanation: Jyotiba Phule, a social reformer in
Maharashtra, worked for the education of women and lower castes (Shudras and
Ati‑Shudras). He founded the Satyashodhak Samaj and wrote ‘Gulamgiri’.
Additional Info: Phule, with his wife Savitribai
Phule, started the first girls’ school in Pune (1848). He opposed Brahminical
dominance and championed the rights of oppressed communities.
111. The Non-Cooperation Movement started in: / ਅਸਹਿਯੋਗ ਅੰਦੋਲਨ ਕਦੋਂ ਸ਼ੁਰੂ ਹੋਇਆ ਸੀ?
a) 1917
b) 1919
c) 1920
d) 1931
Correct Answer: (c) 1920
Explanation: The Non‑Cooperation Movement was
launched by Mahatma Gandhi in August 1920 after the Khilafat issue and the
Jallianwala Bagh massacre. It aimed to boycott British goods, courts, and
institutions.
Additional Info: The movement was called off by
Gandhi in February 1922 after the Chauri Chaura violence. It marked the first
large‑scale mass movement under Gandhi’s leadership.
112. National movements in India were primarily aimed at:
/ ਭਾਰਤ ਵਿੱਚ ਰਾਸ਼ਟਰੀ ਅੰਦੋਲਨਾਂ ਦਾ ਮੁੱਖ ਉਦੇਸ਼
ਕੀ ਸੀ?
a) Trade / ਵਪਾਰ
b) Freedom from British rule / ਬ੍ਰਿਟਿਸ਼
ਸ਼ਾਸਨ ਤੋਂ ਆਜ਼ਾਦੀ
c) Education / ਸਿੱਖਿਆ
d) Religion / ਧਰਮ
Correct Answer: (b) Freedom from British rule / ਬ੍ਰਿਟਿਸ਼ ਸ਼ਾਸਨ ਤੋਂ
ਆਜ਼ਾਦੀ
Explanation: The core objective of the Indian
national movement (from the late 19th century to 1947) was to end British
colonial rule and achieve political independence, though social and economic
reforms were also pursued.
Additional Info: The Indian National Congress
was founded in 1885. Movements like Swadeshi, Non‑Cooperation, Civil
Disobedience, and Quit India all targeted British rule directly.
113. The Northern Plains of India are formed mainly by
the alluvial deposits of which rivers? / ਭਾਰਤ
ਦੇ ਉੱਤਰੀ ਮੈਦਾਨ ਮੁੱਖ ਤੌਰ 'ਤੇ ਕਿਹੜੀਆਂ ਨਦੀਆਂ
ਦੇ ਕਾਂਪ ਮਿੱਟੀ ਦੇ ਜਮ੍ਹਾਂ ਹੋਣ
ਨਾਲ ਬਣੇ ਹਨ?
a) Luni and Sabarmati / ਲੂਣੀ
ਅਤੇ ਸਾਬਰਮਤੀ
b) Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri / ਗੋਦਾਵਰੀ,
ਕ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਨਾ, ਕਾਵੇਰੀ
c) Narmada, Tapi, Mahi / ਨਰਮਦਾ,
ਤਾਪੀ, ਮਾਹੀ
d) Indus, Ganga, Brahmaputra / ਸਿੰਧ,
ਗੰਗਾ, ਬ੍ਰਹਮਪੁੱਤਰ
Correct Answer: (d) Indus, Ganga, Brahmaputra / ਸਿੰਧ, ਗੰਗਾ, ਬ੍ਰਹਮਪੁੱਤਰ
Explanation: The vast northern plains (Punjab‑Ganga‑Brahmaputra
plain) are formed by alluvium deposited by the Indus, Ganga, and Brahmaputra
river systems and their tributaries. These rivers originate in the Himalayas.
Additional Info: The plains are among the most
fertile and densely populated regions in the world. They extend from Punjab in
the west to Assam in the east.
114. The Dandi March was led by Mahatma Gandhi to protest
against: / ਡਾਂਡੀ ਮਾਰਚ ਮਹਾਤਮਾ ਗਾਂਧੀ ਨੇ ਕਿਸ ਵਿਰੋਧ
ਵਿੱਚ ਅਗਵਾਈ ਕੀਤੀ ਸੀ?
a) Land revenue system / ਭੂਮੀ
ਮਾਲੀਆ ਪ੍ਰਣਾਲੀ
b) Salt tax imposed by the British / ਬ੍ਰਿਟਿਸ਼
ਦੁਆਰਾ ਲਗਾਏ ਲੂਣ ਟੈਕਸ
c) Education policy / ਸਿੱਖਿਆ
ਨੀਤੀ
d) Trade restrictions / ਵਪਾਰਕ
ਪਾਬੰਦੀਆਂ
Correct Answer: (b) Salt tax imposed by the
British / ਬ੍ਰਿਟਿਸ਼ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਲਗਾਏ ਲੂਣ
ਟੈਕਸ
Explanation: Gandhi led the Dandi March (Salt
Satyagraha) in March–April 1930 to break the British monopoly on salt
production and the salt tax, which affected all Indians, especially the poor.
Additional Info: The march from Sabarmati Ashram
to Dandi (240 miles) mobilized masses. It was a pivotal event in the Civil
Disobedience Movement.
115. The highest peak in the Western Ghats is: / ਪੱਛਮੀ ਘਾਟ ਦੀ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ
ਉੱਚੀ ਚੋਟੀ ਕਿਹੜੀ ਹੈ?
a) Arma Konda / ਅਰਮਾ ਕੋਂਡਾ
b) Anai Mudi / ਅਨਾਈ ਮੁੜੀ
c) Jindhagada Peak / ਜਿੰਧਾਗੜਾ
ਚੋਟੀ
d) Dodda Betta / ਡੋਡਾ ਬੇਟਾ
Correct Answer: (b) Anai Mudi / ਅਨਾਈ ਮੁੜੀ
Explanation: Anai Mudi (2,695 m) in Kerala is
the highest peak in the Western Ghats and also the highest point in South
India. It is located in the Anaimalai Hills.
Additional Info: Dodda Betta (2,637 m) is in
Tamil Nadu (Nilgiris). Arma Konda (1,680 m) is in Eastern Ghats (Andhra
Pradesh). Anai Mudi means ‘elephant’s forehead’ in Malayalam.
116. 'Freedom is my birthright, and I shall have it' was
said by: / 'ਆਜ਼ਾਦੀ ਮੇਰਾ ਜਨਮਸਿੱਧ ਅਧਿਕਾਰ ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਮੈਂ
ਇਸਨੂੰ ਲੈ ਕੇ ਰਹਾਂਗਾ'
ਇਹ ਕਿਸਨੇ ਕਿਹਾ?
a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak / ਬਾਲ
ਗੰਗਾਧਰ ਤਿਲਕ
b) Mahatma Gandhi / ਮਹਾਤਮਾ ਗਾਂਧੀ
c) Subhash Chandra Bose / ਸੁਭਾਸ਼
ਚੰਦਰ ਬੋਸ
d) Bhagat Singh / ਭਗਤ ਸਿੰਘ
Correct Answer: (a) Bal Gangadhar Tilak / ਬਾਲ ਗੰਗਾਧਰ ਤਿਲਕ
Explanation: This famous slogan was coined by
Bal Gangadhar Tilak, a radical nationalist leader. It expressed the idea that
freedom is an inherent right of every human being, not a gift from rulers.
Additional Info: Tilak was known as ‘Lokmanya’.
He also said, “Swaraj is my birthright.” He was one of the Lal‑Bal‑Pal trio
(Lala Lajpat Rai, Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Bipin Chandra Pal).
117. Elections are important in India after independence
to: / ਆਜ਼ਾਦੀ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਭਾਰਤ ਵਿੱਚ ਚੋਣਾਂ ਕਿਸ ਲਈ ਮਹੱਤਵਪੂਰਨ ਹਨ?
a) Appoint kings / ਰਾਜਿਆਂ ਦੀ ਨਿਯੁਕਤੀ
ਕਰਨਾ
b) Choose people's representatives / ਲੋਕਾਂ
ਦੇ ਪ੍ਰਤੀਨਿਧੀ ਚੁਣਨਾ
c) Control trade/ਵਪਾਰ ਨੂੰ ਨਿਯੰਤਰਿਤ ਕਰਨਾ
d) Increase taxes / ਟੈਕਸ ਵਧਾਉਣਾ
Correct Answer: (b) Choose people's
representatives / ਲੋਕਾਂ ਦੇ ਪ੍ਰਤੀਨਿਧੀ
ਚੁਣਨਾ
Explanation: In a democracy, elections allow
citizens to choose their representatives at local, state, and national levels.
This ensures accountability and popular participation in governance.
Additional Info: India is the world’s largest
democracy. The Election Commission of India conducts free and fair elections.
Universal adult franchise was adopted from the beginning (1951–52 first general
election).
118. The Constitution of India came into effect on: / ਭਾਰਤ ਦਾ ਸੰਵਿਧਾਨ ਕਦੋਂ
ਲਾਗੂ ਹੋਇਆ?
a) 15 August 1947 / 15 ਅਗਸਤ
1947
b) 26 November 1949 / 26 ਨਵੰਬਰ
1949
c) 26 January 1950 / 26 ਜਨਵਰੀ
1950
d) 26 January 1951 / 26 ਜਨਵਰੀ
1951
Correct Answer: (c) 26 January 1950 / 26 ਜਨਵਰੀ 1950
Explanation: The Constitution was adopted by the
Constituent Assembly on 26 November 1949, but it came into effect on 26 January
1950 (Republic Day). India became a republic on this date.
Additional Info: 26 January was chosen to
commemorate the Purna Swaraj declaration of 1930. Dr. B.R. Ambedkar is the
chief architect of the Indian Constitution.
119. The Second Five-Year Plan was launched in: / ਦੂਜੀ ਪੰਜ ਸਾਲਾ ਯੋਜਨਾ ਕਦੋਂ ਸ਼ੁਰੂ ਕੀਤੀ ਗਈ ਸੀ?
a) 1951
b) 1952
c) 1955
d) 1956
Correct Answer: (d) 1956
Explanation: The Second Five‑Year Plan
(1956–1961) was launched in 1956. It focused on rapid industrialisation,
particularly heavy industries (steel, machinery), based on the Mahalanobis
model.
Additional Info: The First Plan (1951–1956)
focused on agriculture. The Second Plan aimed to build a socialist pattern of
society. Major steel plants (Bhilai, Rourkela, Durgapur) were established.
120. Earth is the ______ planet from the Sun. / ਧਰਤੀ ਸੂਰਜ ਤੋਂ ______ ਗ੍ਰਹਿ ਹੈ।
a) Second / ਦੂਜਾ
b) Third / ਤੀਜਾ
c) Fourth / ਚੌਥਾ
d) Fifth / ਪੰਜਵਾਂ
Correct Answer: (b) Third / ਤੀਜਾ
Explanation: The order of planets from the Sun:
Mercury (1st), Venus (2nd), Earth (3rd), Mars (4th), Jupiter (5th), Saturn
(6th), Uranus (7th), Neptune (8th). Earth is the third planet.
Additional Info: Earth is the only known planet
with liquid water and life. It is at the right distance (Goldilocks zone) for
moderate temperatures.
121. Longitude helps to find: / ਦੇਸ਼ਾਂਤਰ ਰੇਖਾਵਾਂ ਕੀ ਪਤਾ ਕਰਨ
ਵਿੱਚ ਮਦਦ ਕਰਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ?
a) Climate/ਜਲਵਾਯੂ
b) Weather / ਮੌਸਮ
c) Rainfall / ਵਰਖਾ
d) Time / ਸਮਾਂ
Correct Answer: (d) Time / ਸਮਾਂ
Explanation: Longitude lines (meridians) are
used to calculate time zones. Every 15° longitude corresponds to a one‑hour
difference. The Prime Meridian (0°) at Greenwich is the reference for GMT
(Greenwich Mean Time).
Additional Info: Latitude helps locate parallels
and climate zones. Longitude is essential for navigation and determining local
time. India uses 82.5° E as its standard meridian (IST = GMT+5:30).
122. The Biosphere consists of: / ਜੀਵ-ਮੰਡਲ (Biosphere) ਵਿੱਚ ਕੀ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਹੈ?
a) Lithosphere and Hydrosphere / ਭੂ-ਮੰਡਲ ਅਤੇ ਜਲ-ਮੰਡਲ
b) Lithosphere, Hydrosphere and Atmosphere / ਭੂ-ਮੰਡਲ, ਜਲ-ਮੰਡਲ
ਅਤੇ ਵਾਯੂ-ਮੰਡਲ
c) Hydrosphere and Atmosphere / ਜਲ-ਮੰਡਲ ਅਤੇ ਵਾਯੂ-ਮੰਡਲ
d) Lithosphere and Atmosphere / ਭੂ-ਮੰਡਲ ਅਤੇ ਵਾਯੂ-ਮੰਡਲ
Correct Answer: (b) Lithosphere, Hydrosphere and
Atmosphere / ਭੂ-ਮੰਡਲ, ਜਲ-ਮੰਡਲ
ਅਤੇ ਵਾਯੂ-ਮੰਡਲ
Explanation: The biosphere is the global
ecological system integrating all living beings and their interactions with the
lithosphere (land), hydrosphere (water), and atmosphere (air). It is the zone
of life on Earth.
Additional Info: The biosphere extends from the
deepest ocean trenches to about 8 km above sea level. It is a closed system for
matter but open for energy (sunlight).
123. The ozone layer is found in the ______ layer of the
atmosphere. / ਓਜ਼ੋਨ ਪਰਤ ਵਾਯੂ-ਮੰਡਲ ਦੀ ______ ਪਰਤ ਵਿੱਚ ਪਾਈ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ।
a) Troposphere / ਸਮੰਡਲ
(Troposphere)
b) Stratosphere / ਸਮਤਾਪ ਮੰਡਲ (Stratosphere)
c) Mesosphere / ਮੈਸੋਸਫ਼ੀਅਰ
(Mesosphere)
d) Thermosphere/ਤਾਪ ਮੰਡਲ (Thermosphere)
Correct Answer: (b) Stratosphere / ਸਮਤਾਪ ਮੰਡਲ (Stratosphere)
Explanation: The ozone layer is located in the
lower stratosphere, approximately 15–35 km above Earth’s surface. It absorbs
most of the Sun’s harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation.
Additional Info: Ozone depletion is caused by
CFCs (chlorofluorocarbons). The Montreal Protocol (1987) helped phase out CFCs,
and the ozone layer is gradually recovering.
124. World Water Day is celebrated on: / ਵਿਸ਼ਵ ਜਲ ਦਿਵਸ ਕਦੋਂ
ਮਨਾਇਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ?
a) 8th March / 8 ਮਾਰਚ
b) 20th March / 20 ਮਾਰਚ
c) 22nd March / 22 ਮਾਰਚ
d) 23rd March / 23 ਮਾਰਚ
Correct Answer: (c) 22nd March / 22 ਮਾਰਚ
Explanation: World Water Day is observed on 22
March every year, initiated by the United Nations in 1993. It highlights the
importance of freshwater and advocates for sustainable management of water
resources.
Additional Info: Each year has a theme (e.g.,
“Water for Peace”). World Water Day raises awareness about water scarcity,
pollution, and sanitation issues globally.
125. Sustainable development means: / ਟਿਕਾਊ ਵਿਕਾਸ ਦਾ ਅਰਥ ਹੈ:
a) Using resources without thinking about the future / ਭਵਿੱਖ ਬਾਰੇ
ਸੋਚੇ ਬਿਨਾਂ ਸਾਧਨਾਂ ਦੀ
ਵਰਤੋਂ ਕਰਨਾ
b) Meeting present needs without harming future generations / ਭਵਿੱਖ ਦੀਆਂ ਪੀੜ੍ਹੀਆਂ
ਨੂੰ ਨੁਕਸਾਨ ਪਹੁੰਚਾਏ
ਬਿਨਾਂ ਵਰਤਮਾਨ ਲੋੜਾਂ ਪੂਰੀਆਂ
ਕਰਨਾ
c) Using only natural resources / ਕੇਵਲ
ਕੁਦਰਤੀ ਸਾਧਨਾਂ ਦੀ ਵਰਤੋਂ
ਕਰਨਾ
d) Increasing industrial production only / ਕੇਵਲ
ਉਦਯੋਗਿਕ ਉਤਪਾਦਨ ਵਧਾਉਣਾ
Correct Answer: (b) Meeting present needs
without harming future generations / ਭਵਿੱਖ
ਦੀਆਂ ਪੀੜ੍ਹੀਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਨੁਕਸਾਨ
ਪਹੁੰਚਾਏ ਬਿਨਾਂ ਵਰਤਮਾਨ ਲੋੜਾਂ
ਪੂਰੀਆਂ ਕਰਨਾ
Explanation: Sustainable development balances
economic growth, environmental protection, and social equity. It ensures that
current generations meet their needs without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet theirs.
Additional Info: The concept was popularized by
the Brundtland Commission report (1987). Examples: renewable energy,
afforestation, water conservation, and reducing pollution.
126. Discrimination means: / ਵਿਤਕਰੇ ਦਾ ਅਰਥ ਹੈ:
a) Equal treatment / ਬਰਾਬਰ ਵਿਹਾਰ
b) Unfair and biased treatment / ਅਨਿਆਪੂਰਨ
ਅਤੇ ਪੱਖਪਾਤੀ ਵਿਹਾਰ
c) Good behaviour / ਚੰਗਾ ਵਿਹਾਰ
d) Respect / ਸਤਿਕਾਰ
Correct Answer: (b) Unfair and biased treatment
/ ਅਨਿਆਪੂਰਨ ਅਤੇ ਪੱਖਪਾਤੀ ਵਿਹਾਰ
Explanation: Discrimination means treating a
person or group unequally or unfairly based on attributes such as caste,
religion, gender, race, or disability. It is a violation of human rights.
Additional Info: The Indian Constitution
prohibits discrimination under Article 15. Examples include untouchability, sex‑based
wage gaps, and racial segregation. Positive discrimination (reservations) is
allowed to uplift disadvantaged groups.
127. In India, the government works at: / ਭਾਰਤ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਰਕਾਰ ਕਿੰਨੇ ਪੱਧਰਾਂ 'ਤੇ ਕੰਮ ਕਰਦੀ
ਹੈ?
a) Two layers / ਦੋ ਪੱਧਰਾਂ 'ਤੇ
b) Three layers / ਤਿੰਨ ਪੱਧਰਾਂ 'ਤੇ
c) Four layers / ਚਾਰ ਪੱਧਰਾਂ 'ਤੇ
d) Five layers / ਪੰਜ ਪੱਧਰਾਂ 'ਤੇ
Correct Answer: (b) Three layers / ਤਿੰਨ ਪੱਧਰਾਂ 'ਤੇ
Explanation: India has a three‑tier government
system: Central (Union), State, and Local (Panchayati Raj at village level and
municipalities in urban areas). This is based on the principle of federalism
with local self‑government.
Additional Info: The 73rd and 74th
Constitutional Amendments (1992) gave constitutional status to Panchayats and
Municipalities. This added the third layer officially.
128. Panchayati Raj works at: / ਪੰਚਾਇਤੀ ਰਾਜ ਕਿਸ ਪੱਧਰ 'ਤੇ ਕੰਮ ਕਰਦਾ
ਹੈ?
a) Village level / ਪਿੰਡ ਪੱਧਰ
b) City level / ਸ਼ਹਿਰ ਪੱਧਰ
c) State level / ਰਾਜ ਪੱਧਰ
d) National level / ਰਾਸ਼ਟਰੀ
ਪੱਧਰ
Correct Answer: (a) Village level / ਪਿੰਡ ਪੱਧਰ
Explanation: Panchayati Raj is the system of
local self‑government in rural areas at the village, intermediate (block), and
district levels. However, ‘Gram Panchayat’ operates primarily at the village
level.
Additional Info: The three‑tier Panchayati Raj
includes: Gram Panchayat (village), Panchayat Samiti (block), Zila Parishad
(district). Urban local bodies include municipalities and municipal
corporations.
129. The Chief Justice of a High Court is appointed by
the President in consultation with whom? / ਹਾਈ ਕੋਰਟ
ਦੇ ਮੁੱਖ ਨਿਆਂਮੂਰਤੀ ਦੀ ਨਿਯੁਕਤੀ ਰਾਸ਼ਟਰਪਤੀ
ਕਿਸ ਨਾਲ ਸਲਾਹ ਕਰਕੇ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ?
a) Chief Justice of India only / ਕੇਵਲ
ਭਾਰਤ ਦੇ ਮੁੱਖ
ਨਿਆਂਮੂਰਤੀ
b) Governor of the respective state only / ਕੇਵਲ
ਸੰਬੰਧਿਤ ਰਾਜ ਦੇ ਰਾਜਪਾਲ
c) Both the Chief Justice of India and the Governor of the respective state / ਭਾਰਤ ਦੇ ਮੁੱਖ
ਨਿਆਂਮੂਰਤੀ ਅਤੇ ਸੰਬੰਧਿਤ ਰਾਜ
ਦੇ ਰਾਜਪਾਲ ਦੋਵਾਂ
ਨਾਲ
d) Union Cabinet / ਕੇਂਦਰੀ ਮੰਤਰੀ ਮੰਡਲ
Correct Answer: (c) Both the Chief Justice of
India and the Governor of the respective state / ਭਾਰਤ
ਦੇ ਮੁੱਖ ਨਿਆਂਮੂਰਤੀ
ਅਤੇ ਸੰਬੰਧਿਤ ਰਾਜ
ਦੇ ਰਾਜਪਾਲ ਦੋਵਾਂ
ਨਾਲ
Explanation: According to Article 217, the
President appoints a High Court Chief Justice after consulting the Chief
Justice of India (CJI) and the Governor of the concerned state. For other
judges, the Chief Justice of that High Court is also consulted.
Additional Info: The appointment process ensures
judicial independence and federal balance. The Supreme Court collegium system
also plays a role in judicial appointments since the Second Judges Case (1993).
130. Independence is most important for the media to: / ਮੀਡੀਆ ਲਈ ਸੁਤੰਤਰਤਾ ਸਭ
ਤੋਂ ਵੱਧ ਕਿਸ ਲਈ ਜ਼ਰੂਰੀ ਹੈ?
a) Earn more profits / ਵੱਧ ਮੁਨਾਫ਼ਾ ਕਮਾਉਣਾ
b) Report news freely and without pressure / ਦਬਾਅ
ਤੋਂ ਮੁਕਤ ਹੋ
ਕੇ ਖ਼ਬਰਾਂ ਦੇਣਾ
c) Support political parties / ਰਾਜਨੀਤਿਕ
ਪਾਰਟੀਆਂ ਦਾ ਸਮਰਥਨ
ਕਰਨਾ
d) Ignore some information / ਕੁਝ
ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ ਲੁਕਾਉਣਾ
Correct Answer: (b) Report news freely and
without pressure / ਦਬਾਅ ਤੋਂ ਮੁਕਤ ਹੋ
ਕੇ ਖ਼ਬਰਾਂ ਦੇਣਾ
Explanation: A free and independent media acts
as the ‘fourth pillar of democracy’. It can report truthfully, expose
wrongdoing, and hold the government accountable without fear or favor.
Additional Info: The Indian Constitution
guarantees freedom of speech and expression (Article 19), which includes press
freedom. However, reasonable restrictions apply (defamation, national security,
etc.).
131. In the context of Social Science, inequality is
primarily associated with which of the following concepts? / ਸਮਾਜਿਕ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ ਦੇ ਸੰਦਰਭ ਵਿੱਚ,
ਅਸਮਾਨਤਾ ਮੁੱਖ ਤੌਰ 'ਤੇ ਹੇਠਾਂ ਦਿੱਤੇ
ਕਿਹੜੇ ਸੰਕਲਪ ਨਾਲ ਜੁੜੀ ਹੈ?
a) Gender / ਲਿੰਗ (Gender — ਸਮਾਜਿਕ ਸੰਕਲਪ)
b) Sex (biological difference) / ਜੈਵਿਕ
ਲਿੰਗ (Sex — ਜੀਵ-ਵਿਗਿਆਨਕ ਅੰਤਰ)
c) Both gender and sex / ਲਿੰਗ
ਅਤੇ ਜੈਵਿਕ ਲਿੰਗ
ਦੋਵੇਂ
d) Neither gender nor sex / ਨਾ
ਲਿੰਗ ਅਤੇ ਨਾ ਜੈਵਿਕ
ਲਿੰਗ
Correct Answer: (c) Both gender and sex / ਲਿੰਗ ਅਤੇ ਜੈਵਿਕ
ਲਿੰਗ ਦੋਵੇਂ
Explanation: Social inequality arises from both
biological sex (physical differences) and socially constructed gender roles.
Discrimination based on sex (e.g., female infanticide) and gender (e.g.,
unequal pay) are both forms of inequality studied in Social Science.
Additional Info: ‘Sex’ refers to biological
traits; ‘gender’ refers to social, cultural expectations. Both contribute to
unequal opportunities, status, and power in society. Feminism and gender
studies address these issues.
132. The Right to Freedom (Article 19) includes: / ਆਜ਼ਾਦੀ ਦਾ ਅਧਿਕਾਰ (ਧਾਰਾ
19) ਵਿੱਚ ਕੀ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਹੈ?
a) Equality before law / ਕਾਨੂੰਨ
ਦੇ ਸਾਹਮਣੇ ਬਰਾਬਰੀ
b) Religious freedom / ਧਾਰਮਿਕ
ਆਜ਼ਾਦੀ
c) Right to preserve and develop own culture / ਆਪਣੇ
ਸੱਭਿਆਚਾਰ ਦੀ ਰੱਖਿਆ
ਅਤੇ ਵਿਕਾਸ ਕਰਨ
ਦਾ ਅਧਿਕਾਰ
d) Freedom of speech and expression / ਬੋਲਣ
ਅਤੇ ਅਭਿਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਦੀ
ਆਜ਼ਾਦੀ
Correct Answer: (d) Freedom of speech and
expression / ਬੋਲਣ ਅਤੇ ਅਭਿਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਦੀ
ਆਜ਼ਾਦੀ
Explanation: Article 19(1)(a) guarantees the
right to freedom of speech and expression. Other freedoms under Article 19
include assembly, association, movement, residence, and profession. Equality
(Art 14) and religious freedom (Art 25) are separate fundamental rights.
Additional Info: Right to preserve culture is
under Article 29 (cultural and educational rights). Article 19 is not absolute;
reasonable restrictions apply for sovereignty, security, public order, decency,
or contempt of court.
133. The Indian Parliament consists of: / ਭਾਰਤੀ ਸੰਸਦ ਵਿੱਚ ਕੀ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਹੈ?
a) President and Lok Sabha / ਰਾਸ਼ਟਰਪਤੀ
ਅਤੇ ਲੋਕ ਸਭਾ
b) President, Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha / ਰਾਸ਼ਟਰਪਤੀ,
ਲੋਕ ਸਭਾ ਅਤੇ
ਰਾਜ ਸਭਾ
c) President and Rajya Sabha / ਰਾਸ਼ਟਰਪਤੀ
ਅਤੇ ਰਾਜ ਸਭਾ
d) Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha / ਲੋਕ
ਸਭਾ ਅਤੇ ਰਾਜ
ਸਭਾ
Correct Answer: (b) President, Lok Sabha and
Rajya Sabha / ਰਾਸ਼ਟਰਪਤੀ, ਲੋਕ ਸਭਾ ਅਤੇ
ਰਾਜ ਸਭਾ
Explanation: The Indian Parliament is bicameral
and includes the President (as head), the Lok Sabha (House of the People, lower
house), and the Rajya Sabha (Council of States, upper house). The President
summons, prorogues, and addresses Parliament.
Additional Info: Lok Sabha has 545 members (543
elected + 2 nominated). Rajya Sabha has up to 250 members (238 elected + 12
nominated by the President). Without the President’s assent, a bill cannot
become law.
134. Which one of the following does NOT come under the
role of the Judiciary? / ਹੇਠਾਂ
ਦਿੱਤੇ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਕਿਹੜਾ ਨਿਆਂਪਾਲਿਕਾ ਦੀ ਭੂਮਿਕਾ ਵਿੱਚ
ਨਹੀਂ ਆਉਂਦਾ?
a) Dispute Resolution / ਵਿਵਾਦਾਂ
ਦਾ ਨਿਪਟਾਰਾ
b) Upholding the law and enforcing Fundamental Rights / ਕਾਨੂੰਨ ਨੂੰ
ਬਰਕਰਾਰ ਰੱਖਣਾ ਅਤੇ ਮੌਲਿਕ
ਅਧਿਕਾਰਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਲਾਗੂ ਕਰਨਾ
c) Judicial Review / ਨਿਆਂਇਕ
ਸਮੀਖਿਆ
d) Making of law / ਕਾਨੂੰਨ ਬਣਾਉਣਾ
Correct Answer: (d) Making of law / ਕਾਨੂੰਨ ਬਣਾਉਣਾ
Explanation: Law‑making is the function of the
Legislature (Parliament and State Legislatures). The Judiciary interprets and
applies laws, resolves disputes, protects fundamental rights, and reviews
legislation for constitutionality (judicial review).
Additional Info: The Judiciary can declare a law
unconstitutional (void) but cannot draft or enact it. Separation of powers:
Legislature makes laws, Executive implements them, Judiciary adjudicates.
135. The government works for marginalised groups by: / ਸਰਕਾਰ ਹਾਸ਼ੀਏ 'ਤੇ ਧੱਕੇ ਸਮੂਹਾਂ
ਲਈ ਕਿਸ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਕੰਮ ਕਰਦੀ ਹੈ?
a) Ignoring their problems / ਉਹਨਾਂ
ਦੀਆਂ ਸਮੱਸਿਆਵਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਨਜ਼ਰਅੰਦਾਜ਼
ਕਰਕੇ
b) Making laws and welfare schemes / ਕਾਨੂਨ
ਅਤੇ ਭਲਾਈ ਯੋਜਨਾਵਾਂ
ਬਣਾ ਕੇ
c) Supporting only rich people / ਕੇਵਲ
ਅਮੀਰ ਲੋਕਾਂ ਦਾ ਸਮਰਥਨ
ਕਰਕੇ
d) Reducing education / ਸਿੱਖਿਆ
ਘਟਾ ਕੇ
Correct Answer: (b) Making laws and welfare
schemes / ਕਾਨੂਨ ਅਤੇ ਭਲਾਈ ਯੋਜਨਾਵਾਂ
ਬਣਾ ਕੇ
Explanation: The government protects
marginalised groups (SCs, STs, OBCs, women, minorities) through special laws
(e.g., SC/ST Act), reservations, scholarships, and welfare schemes (e.g.,
MGNREGA, midday meals).
Additional Info: The Ministry of Social Justice
& Empowerment and National Commissions for SCs, STs, and Minorities work
for these groups. The Constitution also provides safeguards under Articles
15(4), 16(4), 46, etc.
136. Group discussion in the classroom primarily helps
in: / ਕਲਾਸਰੂਮ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਮੂਹ ਚਰਚਾ ਮੁੱਖ ਤੌਰ 'ਤੇ ਕਿਸ ਵਿੱਚ
ਮਦਦ ਕਰਦੀ ਹੈ?
a) Completing syllabus quickly / ਪਾਠਕ੍ਰਮ
ਜਲਦੀ ਪੂਰਾ ਕਰਨਾ
b) Reducing teacher's workload / ਅਧਿਆਪਕ
ਦਾ ਕੰਮ ਦਾ
ਬੋਝ ਘਟਾਉਣਾ
c) Developing communication and critical thinking / ਸੰਚਾਰ ਅਤੇ
ਆਲੋਚਨਾਤਮਕ ਸੋਚ ਵਿਕਸਿਤ ਕਰਨਾ
d) Including only serious students / ਕੇਵਲ
ਗੰਭੀਰ ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਕਰਨਾ
Correct Answer: (c) Developing communication and
critical thinking / ਸੰਚਾਰ ਅਤੇ ਆਲੋਚਨਾਤਮਕ ਸੋਚ
ਵਿਕਸਿਤ ਕਰਨਾ
Explanation: Group discussion encourages
students to articulate their views, listen to others, and think critically
about different perspectives. It improves verbal communication, reasoning, and
teamwork – essential skills for social science learning.
Additional Info: Active learning strategies like
GD are more effective than passive lectures. They also build confidence and
reduce fear of speaking in public. Teachers should facilitate, not dominate.
137. Teachers should use Teaching Learning Materials
(TLM) to: / ਅਧਿਆਪਕਾਂ
ਨੂੰ ਅਧਿਆਪਨ ਸਿੱਖਣ ਸਮੱਗਰੀ (TLM) ਕਿਸ ਲਈ ਵਰਤਣੀ ਚਾਹੀਦੀ
ਹੈ?
a) Replace teaching entirely / ਅਧਿਆਪਨ
ਨੂੰ ਪੂਰੀ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ
ਬਦਲਣਾ
b) Make learning interesting and meaningful / ਸਿੱਖਣ
ਨੂੰ ਰੋਚਕ ਅਤੇ
ਅਰਥਭਰਪੂਰਨ ਬਣਾਉਣਾ
c) Avoid explanation / ਵਿਆਖਿਆ
ਤੋਂ ਬਚਣਾ
d) Increase explanation time / ਵਿਆਖਿਆ
ਦਾ ਸਮਾਂ ਵਧਾਉਣਾ
Correct Answer: (b) Make learning interesting
and meaningful / ਸਿੱਖਣ ਨੂੰ ਰੋਚਕ ਅਤੇ
ਅਰਥਭਰਪੂਰਨ ਬਣਾਉਣਾ
Explanation: TLMs (maps, charts, models,
multimedia) make abstract concepts concrete, engage multiple senses, and cater
to different learning styles. They enhance understanding and retention, not
replace teacher’s role.
Additional Info: Examples: globe for geography,
timeline charts for history, photographs of monuments. TLMs should be
appropriate, accurate, and age‑relevant. Overuse or poor quality TLMs can be
distracting.
138. Identifying the relationship between economic
factors and social change represents which level of learning? / ਆਰਥਿਕ ਕਾਰਕਾਂ ਅਤੇ ਸਮਾਜਿਕ ਪਰਿਵਰਤਨ ਵਿਚਕਾਰ ਸੰਬੰਧ ਦੀ ਪਛਾਣ ਕਰਨਾ
ਕਿਹੜੇ ਸਿੱਖਣ ਪੱਧਰ ਨੂੰ ਦਰਸਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ?
a) Understand / ਸਮਝਣਾ
b) Analyze / ਵਿਸ਼ਲੇਸ਼ਣ ਕਰਨਾ
c) Remember / ਯਾਦ ਕਰਨਾ
d) Create / ਸਿਰਜਣਾ ਕਰਨਾ
Correct Answer: (b) Analyze / ਵਿਸ਼ਲੇਸ਼ਣ ਕਰਨਾ
Explanation: According to Bloom’s Taxonomy,
‘Analyze’ involves breaking down information into parts and seeing connections
or relationships. Identifying cause‑effect or correlation between economic
factors and social change is analysis.
Additional Info: Bloom’s levels: Remember
(recall), Understand (explain), Apply (use), Analyze (break down), Evaluate
(judge), Create (produce new). PSTET often tests these cognitive levels in
pedagogy questions.
139. A textbook comes under which category of Teaching
Learning Material (TLM)? / ਪਾਠ-ਪੁਸਤਕ ਕਿਸ ਸ਼੍ਰੇਣੀ ਦੀ ਅਧਿਆਪਨ ਸਿੱਖਣ
ਸਮੱਗਰੀ (TLM) ਵਿੱਚ ਆਉਂਦੀ ਹੈ?
a) Audio TLM / ਸ਼੍ਰਵਣ TLM
b) Visual TLM / ਦ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਟੀਗਤ
TLM
c) Electronic TLM / ਇਲੈਕਟ੍ਰਾਨਿਕ
TLM
d) Audio-Visual TLM / ਸ਼੍ਰਵਣ-ਦ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਟੀਗਤ TLM
Correct Answer: (b) Visual TLM / ਦ੍ਰਿਸ਼ਟੀਗਤ TLM
Explanation: A textbook is primarily a visual
medium (text, diagrams, pictures). It does not produce sound on its own (unless
accompanied by audio). So it falls under visual TLM. Audio TLMs include
cassettes, radio; audio‑visual includes videos.
Additional Info: Electronic TLMs include
computers, tablets, projectors. Textbooks are still the most common TLM in
Indian schools. They should be supplemented with other TLMs for better
learning.
140. Which of the following is an example of a secondary
source in Social Science? / ਹੇਠਾਂ
ਦਿੱਤੇ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਕਿਹੜਾ ਸਮਾਜਿਕ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਦੁਆਲਾ ਸਰੋਤ ਦੀ ਉਦਾਹਰਨ ਹੈ?
a) Coin / ਸਿੱਕਾ
b) Diary / ਡਾਇਰੀ
c) Direct observation / ਸਿੱਧਾ
ਨਿਰੀਖਣ
d) History book / ਇਤਿਹਾਸ ਦੀ ਕਿਤਾਬ
Correct Answer: (d) History book / ਇਤਿਹਾਸ ਦੀ ਕਿਤਾਬ
Explanation: Primary sources are original, first‑hand
records (coins, diaries, letters, photographs, direct observation). Secondary
sources interpret, analyse, or summarise primary sources – e.g., history
textbooks, biographies, encyclopedias.
Additional Info: A history book written by a
modern author based on original documents is secondary. However, if it’s a
contemporary account (e.g., Babur’s memoirs), it is primary. PSTET expects
basic distinction.
141. Project work in Social Science mainly aims to: / ਸਮਾਜਿਕ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਪ੍ਰੋਜੈਕਟ ਕੰਮ ਦਾ ਮੁੱਖ ਉਦੇਸ਼
ਕੀ ਹੈ?
a) Promote rote learning / ਰੱਟਾ
ਸਿੱਖਣ ਨੂੰ ਉਤਸ਼ਾਹਿਤ ਕਰਨਾ
b) Complete syllabus quickly / ਪਾਠਕ੍ਰਮ
ਜਲਦੀ ਪੂਰਾ ਕਰਨਾ
c) Promote memorization / ਯਾਦ
ਕਰਨ ਨੂੰ ਉਤਸ਼ਾਹਿਤ
ਕਰਨਾ
d) Develop experiential learning / ਤਜਰਬੇ-ਆਧਾਰਿਤ ਸਿੱਖਣ ਵਿਕਸਿਤ
ਕਰਨਾ
Correct Answer: (d) Develop experiential
learning / ਤਜਰਬੇ-ਆਧਾਰਿਤ ਸਿੱਖਣ ਵਿਕਸਿਤ
ਕਰਨਾ
Explanation: Project work involves hands‑on
investigation, data collection, analysis, and presentation. It promotes
learning by doing (experiential learning), develops research skills, and
connects theory to real life.
Additional Info: Projects also foster teamwork,
time management, and problem‑solving. They are an effective alternative to rote
memorization. NEP 2020 encourages project‑based and inquiry‑based learning.
142. Asking students to design a project on sustainable
development in their community reflects which cognitive level? / ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਭਾਈਚਾਰੇ ਵਿੱਚ ਟਿਕਾਊ ਵਿਕਾਸ 'ਤੇ ਪ੍ਰੋਜੈਕਟ ਤਿਆਰ
ਕਰਨ ਲਈ ਕਹਿਣਾ ਕਿਹੜੇ
ਬੋਧਾਤਮਕ ਪੱਧਰ ਨੂੰ ਦਰਸਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ?
a) Create / ਸਿਰਜਣਾ ਕਰਨਾ
b) Apply / ਲਾਗੂ ਕਰਨਾ
c) Evaluate / ਮੁਲਾਂਕਣ ਕਰਨਾ
d) Understand / ਸਮਝਣਾ
Correct Answer: (a) Create / ਸਿਰਜਣਾ ਕਰਨਾ
Explanation: ‘Create’ is the highest level in
Bloom’s revised taxonomy – putting elements together to form a new, coherent
product. Designing a unique project (not just reproducing existing ideas)
requires synthesis and originality.
Additional Info: Apply would be using a known
method; Evaluate would be judging something; Create involves generating new
plans or products. Project design is a classic ‘Create’ task.
143. Which of the following best describes the nature of
Social Sciences? / ਹੇਠਾਂ
ਦਿੱਤੇ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਕਿਹੜਾ ਸਮਾਜਿਕ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ ਦੀ ਪ੍ਰਕਿਰਤੀ ਦਾ
ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਵਧੀਆ ਵਰਣਨ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ?
a) It deals only with natural phenomena / ਇਹ
ਕੇਵਲ ਕੁਦਰਤੀ ਵਰਤਾਰਿਆਂ ਨਾਲ
ਸੰਬੰਧਿਤ ਹੈ
b) It studies human behavior and social relationships / ਇਹ ਮਨੁੱਖੀ
ਵਿਵਹਾਰ ਅਤੇ ਸਮਾਜਿਕ ਸੰਬੰਧਾਂ
ਦਾ ਅਧਿਐਨ ਕਰਦਾ
ਹੈ
c) It focuses only on technological development / ਇਹ ਕੇਵਲ
ਤਕਨੀਕੀ ਵਿਕਾਸ 'ਤੇ ਕੇਂਦ੍ਰਿਤ
ਹੈ
d) It ignores cultural aspects / ਇਹ
ਸੱਭਿਆਚਾਰਕ ਪਹਿਲੂਆਂ ਨੂੰ ਨਜ਼ਰਅੰਦਾਜ਼
ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ
Correct Answer: (b) It studies human behavior
and social relationships / ਇਹ
ਮਨੁੱਖੀ ਵਿਵਹਾਰ ਅਤੇ ਸਮਾਜਿਕ
ਸੰਬੰਧਾਂ ਦਾ ਅਧਿਐਨ
ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ
Explanation: Social Science disciplines
(History, Geography, Political Science, Economics, Sociology, Anthropology) all
focus on human beings, their behaviour, institutions, cultures, and societal
interactions – not natural phenomena (that’s natural science).
Additional Info: Social sciences use both
qualitative and quantitative methods. They are distinct from humanities (more
philosophical) and natural sciences (experimental). Understanding society is
the core goal.
144. The problem of lack of student interest in social
sciences is mainly due to: / ਸਮਾਜਿਕ
ਵਿਗਿਆਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀਆਂ ਦੀ ਰੁਚੀ ਦੀ
ਕਮੀ ਦੀ ਸਮੱਸਿਆ ਮੁੱਖ
ਤੌਰ 'ਤੇ ਕਿਸ ਕਾਰਨ
ਹੈ?
a) Too much field work / ਬਹੁਤ
ਜ਼ਿਆਦਾ ਮੈਦਾਨੀ ਕੰਮ
b) Abstract and theoretical content / ਅਮੂਰਤ
ਅਤੇ ਸਿਧਾਂਤਕ ਸਮੱਗਰੀ
c) Use of modern technology / ਆਧੁਨਿਕ
ਤਕਨਾਲੋਜੀ ਦੀ ਵਰਤੋਂ
d) Continuous evaluation / ਨਿਰੰਤਰ
ਮੁਲਾਂਕਣ
Correct Answer: (b) Abstract and theoretical
content / ਅਮੂਰਤ ਅਤੇ ਸਿਧਾਂਤਕ ਸਮੱਗਰੀ
Explanation: Many social science topics (e.g.,
economic theories, political ideologies, historical processes) are presented in
a dry, abstract manner without connecting to students’ real lives. This makes
them seem irrelevant and boring.
Additional Info: Solutions: use stories, local
examples, visual aids, activities, and connect to current events. Active
learning increases engagement. Too much fieldwork is rare; evaluation can be
balanced.
145. Inadequate use of teaching aids in social sciences
results in: / ਸਮਾਜਿਕ
ਵਿਗਿਆਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਅਧਿਆਪਨ ਸਹਾਇਕ ਸਮੱਗਰੀ ਦੀ ਅਢੁੱਕਵੀਂ ਵਰਤੋਂ
ਦਾ ਨਤੀਜਾ ਕੀ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ?
a) Better conceptual clarity / ਸੰਕਲਪਾਂ
ਦੀ ਬਿਹਤਰ ਸਪੱਸ਼ਟਤਾ
b) Increased memorization / ਰੱਟੇ
ਵਿੱਚ ਵਾਧਾ
c) Lack of visualization and understanding / ਕਲਪਨਾਸ਼ੀਲਤਾ
ਅਤੇ ਸਮਝ ਦੀ
ਕਮੀ
d) Reduced syllabus load / ਪਾਠਕ੍ਰਮ
ਦੇ ਬੋਝ ਵਿੱਚ
ਕਮੀ
Correct Answer: (c) Lack of visualization and
understanding / ਕਲਪਨਾਸ਼ੀਲਤਾ
ਅਤੇ ਸਮਝ ਦੀ
ਕਮੀ
Explanation: Without maps, pictures, charts,
models, or videos, abstract concepts remain difficult to visualise. Students
resort to rote memorisation without genuine understanding, leading to poor
learning outcomes.
Additional Info: Teaching aids make ‘invisible’
things visible (e.g., rotation of Earth, ancient civilisations). Their absence
forces dependence on textbook language, which many students find hard to grasp.
146. Which discipline is NOT a part of Social Science? / ਕਿਹੜਾ ਵਿਸ਼ਾ ਸਮਾਜਿਕ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ ਦਾ ਹਿੱਸਾ ਨਹੀਂ
ਹੈ?
a) History / ਇਤਿਹਾਸ
b) Geography / ਭੂਗੋਲ
c) Physics / ਭੌਤਿਕ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ
d) Civics and Economics / ਨਾਗਰਿਕ
ਸ਼ਾਸਤਰ ਅਤੇ ਅਰਥ ਸ਼ਾਸਤਰ
Correct Answer: (c) Physics / ਭੌਤਿਕ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ
Explanation: Physics is a natural science
(physical science) that studies matter, energy, and natural phenomena. Social
sciences study human society. History, Geography (human geography), Civics
(Political Science), and Economics are core social sciences.
Additional Info: Geography has both physical
(natural) and human branches, but in PSTET Social Studies, it is included.
Physics is clearly not part of Social Science syllabus.
147. Critical thinking helps students to: / ਆਲੋਚਨਾਤਮਕ ਸੋਚ ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀਆਂ ਦੀ ਕਿਸ ਵਿੱਚ
ਮਦਦ ਕਰਦੀ ਹੈ?
a) Accept information blindly / ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ
ਨੂੰ ਅੰਨ੍ਹੇਵਾਹ ਸਵੀਕਾਰ
ਕਰਨਾ
b) Memorize answers / ਜਵਾਬ ਯਾਦ ਕਰਨਾ
c) Avoid questioning / ਸਵਾਲ
ਕਰਨ ਤੋਂ ਬਚਣਾ
d) Evaluate information logically / ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ
ਦਾ ਤਰਕਪੂਰਨ ਮੁਲਾਂਕਣ
ਕਰਨਾ
Correct Answer: (d) Evaluate information
logically / ਜਾਣਕਾਰੀ ਦਾ ਤਰਕਪੂਰਨ
ਮੁਲਾਂਕਣ ਕਰਨਾ
Explanation: Critical thinking involves
analysing arguments, questioning sources, identifying biases, and making
reasoned judgments. It avoids blind acceptance and encourages logical
evaluation of evidence.
Additional Info: Critical thinking is a 21st‑century
skill. In Social Science, it helps students distinguish between facts and
opinions, detect propaganda, and understand multiple perspectives.
148. Peer evaluation means: / ਸਾਥੀ ਮੁਲਾਂਕਣ (Peer evaluation) ਦਾ ਅਰਥ ਹੈ:
a) Evaluation by teacher / ਅਧਿਆਪਕ
ਦੁਆਰਾ ਮੁਲਾਂਕਣ
b) Evaluation of a student by another student / ਇੱਕ
ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਦੂਜੇ ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀ
ਦਾ ਮੁਲਾਂਕਣ
c) Self-evaluation / ਸਵੈ-ਮੁਲਾਂਕਣ
d) Evaluation by an external observer / ਬਾਹਰੀ
ਨਿਰੀਖਕ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਮੁਲਾਂਕਣ
Correct Answer: (b) Evaluation of a student by
another student / ਇੱਕ ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਦੂਜੇ
ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀ ਦਾ ਮੁਲਾਂਕਣ
Explanation: Peer evaluation (or peer
assessment) is when students assess the work or performance of their
classmates. It fosters responsibility, critical viewing, and collaborative
learning.
Additional Info: Peer evaluation can be done
through rubrics, checklists, or feedback forms. It should be constructive and
guided by the teacher. It reduces teacher workload and improves students’
analytical skills.
149. An overloaded syllabus primarily leads to: / ਬਹੁਤ ਜ਼ਿਆਦਾ ਭਰਿਆ ਪਾਠਕ੍ਰਮ ਮੁੱਖ ਤੌਰ 'ਤੇ ਕੀ ਵੱਲ
ਲੈ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ?
a) Active learning / ਸਰਗਰਮ ਸਿੱਖਣਾ
b) Deep understanding / ਡੂੰਘੀ
ਸਮਝ
c) Interesting learning / ਰੋਚਕ
ਸਿੱਖਣਾ
d) Stress and superficial learning / ਤਣਾਅ
ਅਤੇ ਸਤਹੀ ਸਿੱਖਣਾ
Correct Answer: (d) Stress and superficial
learning / ਤਣਾਅ ਅਤੇ ਸਤਹੀ ਸਿੱਖਣਾ
Explanation: When the syllabus is too vast,
teachers rush to ‘cover’ topics, students cram facts without understanding, and
both experience stress. Deep, meaningful learning is sacrificed for superficial
completion.
Additional Info: NEP 2020 recommends reducing
curricular content to essential concepts and promoting deeper learning. Quality
over quantity is key. An overloaded syllabus is a major cause of poor learning
outcomes.
150. Diagnostic assessment helps to: / ਨਿਦਾਨਾਤਮਕ ਮੁਲਾਂਕਣ (Diagnostic assessment) ਕਿਸ ਵਿੱਚ ਮਦਦ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ?
a) Provide final grades / ਅੰਤਿਮ
ਗ੍ਰੇਡ ਦੇਣਾ
b) Identify learning difficulties / ਸਿੱਖਣ
ਦੀਆਂ ਮੁਸ਼ਕਲਾਂ ਦੀ ਪਛਾਣ
ਕਰਨਾ
c) Complete the syllabus / ਪਾਠਕ੍ਰਮ
ਪੂਰਾ ਕਰਨਾ
d) Automatically promote students / ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀਆਂ
ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੇ ਆਪ
ਅਗਲੀ ਜਮਾਤ ਵਿੱਚ ਭੇਜਣਾ
Correct Answer: (b) Identify learning
difficulties / ਸਿੱਖਣ ਦੀਆਂ ਮੁਸ਼ਕਲਾਂ ਦੀ
ਪਛਾਣ ਕਰਨਾ
Explanation: Diagnostic assessment is conducted
before or during instruction to pinpoint specific gaps, errors, or
misconceptions in a student’s learning. It helps teachers plan remedial
teaching – unlike summative assessment (final grades).
Additional Info: Examples: pre‑tests, error
analysis, interviews. It is not for promotion or syllabus coverage. It is the
first step of remedial teaching. PSTET emphasises its use for inclusive
education.
Mathematics
& Science
91. How many times does the digit '7' appear when writing
all the numbers from 1 to 100? / 1 ਤੋਂ
100 ਤੱਕ ਸਾਰੀਆਂ ਸੰਖਿਆਵਾਂ ਲਿਖਣ ਵੇਲੇ ਅੰਕ '7' ਕਿੰਨੀ ਵਾਰ ਆਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ?
a) 21
b) 24
c) 20
d) 25
Correct Answer: (c) 20
Explanation: From 1 to 100, the digit 7 appears
in units place: 7,17,27,…,97 → 10 times. In tens place: 70–79 → 10 times. But
77 is counted in both, so total = 10+10 = 20. No other 7 appears (100 has no
7).
Additional Info: This is a classic counting
problem. For 1 to 1000, digit 7 appears 300 times (100×3). For 1 to 100,
similarly 20 times for any digit 1–9 except 0.
92. Product of (6a² - 7b + 5ab) and 2ab is: / (6a² - 7b +
5ab) ਅਤੇ 2ab ਦਾ ਗੁਣਨਫਲ ਹੈ:
a) 12a²b - 14ab² + 10ab
b) 6a² - 7b + 7ab
c) 12a³b - 14ab² + 10a²b²
d) 12a²b - 7ab² + 10ab
Correct Answer: (c) 12a³b - 14ab² + 10a²b²
Explanation: Multiply each term of the trinomial
by 2ab:
(6a²)(2ab)=12a³b; (-7b)(2ab)= -14ab²; (5ab)(2ab)=10a²b². Sum gives option (c).
Additional Info: Always multiply coefficients
and add exponents of like bases. Note that 2ab × 5ab = 10 a^(1+1) b^(1+1) =
10a²b².
93. If we subtract (-3x²y²) from x²y², then we get: / ਜੇਕਰ x²y² ਵਿੱਚੋਂ (-3x²y²) ਘਟਾਇਆ ਜਾਵੇ, ਤਾਂ ਮਿਲੇਗਾ:
a) -4x²y²
b) -2x²y²
c) 2x²y²
d) 4x²y²
Correct Answer: (d) 4x²y²
Explanation: x²y² - (-3x²y²) = x²y² + 3x²y² =
4x²y². Subtracting a negative is addition.
Additional Info: Common mistake: forgetting the
sign change. Remember: minus of a negative = plus.
94. The distance between the points (3, 4) and (0, 0) is:
/ ਬਿੰਦੂਆਂ (3, 4) ਅਤੇ (0, 0) ਵਿੱਚਕਾਰ ਦੂਰੀ ਹੈ:
a) 5
b) 7
c) 3
d) 4
Correct Answer: (a) 5
Explanation: Distance formula: √[(3-0)² +
(4-0)²] = √(9+16) = √25 = 5. This is a 3-4-5 right triangle.
Additional Info: The distance from origin to
(x,y) is √(x²+y²). (3,4) lies on the circle of radius 5.
95. What is the slope of the line passing through the
points (4, 3) and (8, 5)? / ਬਿੰਦੂਆਂ
(4, 3) ਅਤੇ (8, 5) ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਲੰਘਣ ਵਾਲੀ ਰੇਖਾ ਦੀ ਢਲਾਨ ਕੀ
ਹੈ?
a) 1/2
b) 2/3
c) 3/4
d) 4/5
Correct Answer: (a) 1/2
Explanation: Slope = (y₂ - y₁)/(x₂ - x₁) =
(5-3)/(8-4) = 2/4 = 1/2.
Additional Info: Slope is rise over run. A
positive slope means the line goes upward as x increases.
96. The product of the digits of a two-digit number is
21. When 36 is subtracted from the number, the digits interchange their places.
What is the number? / ਦੋ
ਅੰਕਾਂ ਵਾਲੀ ਸੰਖਿਆ ਦੇ ਅੰਕਾਂ ਦਾ
ਗੁਣਨਫਲ 21 ਹੈ। ਜਦੋਂ
ਸੰਖਿਆ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ 36 ਘਟਾਇਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ, ਤਾਂ ਅੰਕ ਆਪਸ ਵਿੱਚ ਬਦਲ ਜਾਂਦੇ ਹਨ। ਉਹ
ਸੰਖਿਆ ਕੀ ਹੈ?
a) 37
b) 46
c) 73
d) 79
Correct Answer: (c) 73
Explanation: Let number = 10x + y, with xy = 21.
Possible digit pairs: (3,7) or (7,3). Condition: 10x+y - 36 = 10y+x → 9x - 9y =
36 → x - y = 4. For (7,3): 7-3=4 works. Number = 73. Check: 73-36=37 (digits
interchanged).
Additional Info: Always set up equations from
given conditions. The product constraint gives limited possibilities.
97. The sum of two numbers is 40 and their difference is
4. What is the ratio of the larger number to the smaller number? / ਦੋ ਸੰਖਿਆਵਾਂ ਦਾ
ਜੋੜ 40 ਅਤੇ ਅੰਤਰ 4 ਹੈ। ਵੱਡੀ
ਸੰਖਿਆ ਦਾ ਛੋਟੀ ਸੰਖਿਆ
ਨਾਲ ਅਨੁਪਾਤ ਕੀ ਹੈ?
a) 22:9
b) 11:9
c) 11:18
d) 22:11
Correct Answer: (b) 11:9
Explanation: Let numbers be a (larger) and b
(smaller). a+b=40, a-b=4 → adding: 2a=44 → a=22, b=18. Ratio a:b = 22:18 =
11:9.
Additional Info: Simplify the ratio by dividing
by common factor 2.
98. A bag contains 40 balls - some red, some blue, and
the rest black. If P(red)=11/20 and P(blue)=1/5, then the number of black balls
is: / ਇੱਕ ਬੈਗ ਵਿੱਚ 40 ਗੇਂਦਾਂ ਹਨ— ਕੁਝ ਲਾਲ, ਕੁਝ ਨੀਲੀਆਂ ਅਤੇ ਬਾਕੀ ਕਾਲੀਆਂ। ਜੇਕਰ P(ਲਾਲ)=11/20 ਅਤੇ P(ਨੀਲਾ)=1/5 ਹੈ, ਤਾਂ ਕਾਲੀਆਂ ਗੇਂਦਾਂ ਦੀ ਗਿਣਤੀ ਹੈ:
a) 5
b) 25
c) 10
d) 30
Correct Answer: (c) 10
Explanation: P(red)=11/20 → red balls =
(11/20)×40 = 22. P(blue)=1/5 → blue = (1/5)×40 = 8. So black = 40 - (22+8) =
10.
Additional Info: Sum of all probabilities = 1.
Check: P(black)=1 - (11/20+1/5)=1 - (11/20+4/20)=1 - 15/20=5/20=1/4, and 1/4 of
40 =10.
99. Hypotenuse of a right triangle is 25 cm and one side
is longer than the other by 5 cm. What is the difference in areas of squares
drawn on the two remaining sides? / ਇੱਕ
ਸਮਕੋਣੀ ਤ੍ਰਿਭੁਜ ਦਾ ਕਰਣ 25 cm ਹੈ
ਅਤੇ ਇੱਕ ਭੁਜਾ ਦੂਜੀ ਨਾਲੋਂ 5 cm ਲੰਮੀ ਹੈ। ਬਾਕੀ
ਦੀਆਂ ਭੁਜਾਵਾਂ 'ਤੇ ਬਣੇ ਵਰਗਾਂ
ਦੇ ਖੇਤਰਫਲਾਂ ਦਾ ਅੰਤਰ ਕੀ
ਹੈ?
a) 225 sq. cm
b) 625 sq. cm
c) 400 sq. cm
d) 175 sq. cm
Correct Answer: (d) 175 sq. cm
Explanation: Let legs be x and x+5. Pythagoras:
x² + (x+5)² = 25² = 625 → 2x²+10x+25=625 → 2x²+10x-600=0 → x²+5x-300=0 →
(x+20)(x-15)=0 → x=15. Legs: 15 and 20. Areas of squares: 15²=225, 20²=400.
Difference = 400-225=175 sq cm.
Additional Info: Alternatively, difference of
squares = (20²-15²)= (20-15)(20+15)=5×35=175.
100. Which of the following is NOT a good practice in
mathematics teaching? / ਗਣਿਤ
ਅਧਿਆਪਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਹੇਠਾਂ ਦਿੱਤੇ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਕਿਹੜਾ ਚੰਗਾ ਅਭਿਆਸ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ?
a) Encouraging questions from students
b) Using teaching aids
c) Ridiculing students for wrong answers
d) Giving real-life examples
Correct Answer: (c) Ridiculing students for
wrong answers
Explanation: Ridiculing creates fear, anxiety,
and low self‑esteem, which hinders learning. Positive error correction and
encouragement are essential. All other options are good practices.
Additional Info: A supportive classroom
environment encourages risk‑taking and problem‑solving. Mocking mistakes leads
to math anxiety.
101. One of the major problems in teaching mathematics
is: / ਗਣਿਤ ਅਧਿਆਪਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਇੱਕ ਮੁੱਖ ਸਮੱਸਿਆ ਹੈ:
a) Fear and anxiety among students
b) Too much interest among students
c) Less use of books
d) More practical work
Correct Answer: (a) Fear and anxiety among
students
Explanation: Math anxiety is widespread and
causes avoidance, poor performance, and negative attitudes. It is a major
pedagogical challenge. Too much interest or practical work are not problems.
Additional Info: Causes include pressure for
speed, fear of wrong answers, and abstract teaching. Remedial strategies
include games, group work, and connecting to real life.
102. The first and foremost step in remedial teaching of
mathematics is: / ਗਣਿਤ
ਦੀ ਉਪਚਾਰੀ ਅਧਿਆਪਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਪਹਿਲਾ ਅਤੇ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਮਹੱਤਵਪੂਰਨ
ਕਦਮ ਹੈ:
a) Punishing the child
b) Identifying the child's specific learning difficulty
c) Giving more homework
d) Changing the textbook
Correct Answer: (b) Identifying the child's
specific learning difficulty
Explanation: Remedial teaching starts with
diagnosis – finding exactly where the student is struggling (e.g., fractions,
place value). Without identifying the gap, intervention cannot be targeted.
Additional Info: Diagnostic tests, error
analysis, and observation help identify difficulties. After diagnosis,
individualized strategies are applied.
103. Evaluation in mathematics should mainly focus on: / ਗਣਿਤ ਵਿੱਚ ਮੁਲਾਂਕਣ ਮੁੱਖ ਤੌਰ 'ਤੇ ਕਿਸ 'ਤੇ
ਧਿਆਨ ਕੇਂਦ੍ਰਿਤ ਕਰਨਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ?
a) Only the correct final answer
b) Process, understanding and reasoning
c) Practical work only
d) Speed and accuracy only
Correct Answer: (b) Process, understanding and
reasoning
Explanation: Mathematics evaluation should
assess how a student arrives at an answer, their conceptual clarity, and
logical reasoning – not just the final answer. This aligns with constructivist
and NEP 2020 goals.
Additional Info: Process‑based assessment
includes asking for steps, methods, justifications, and multiple solution
paths. It reduces emphasis on rote memorization.
104. A good test in mathematics should: / ਗਣਿਤ ਵਿੱਚ ਇੱਕ ਚੰਗੇ ਟੈਸਟ ਨੂੰ:
a) Include only memory-based questions
b) Include a variety of questions based on understanding and application
c) Be very lengthy and difficult
d) Be based only on formulas
Correct Answer: (b) Include a variety of
questions based on understanding and application
Explanation: A balanced test covers knowledge,
comprehension, application, analysis, and synthesis. Variety prevents bias
towards memorization and assesses deeper mathematical thinking.
Additional Info: Types: MCQs, short answer, word
problems, open‑ended tasks, and reasoning questions. Good tests are valid,
reliable, and comprehensive.
105. Which of the following is the best example of
community mathematics? / ਹੇਠਾਂ
ਦਿੱਤੇ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਕਿਹੜਾ ਸਮੁਦਾਇਕ ਗਣਿਤ ਦੀ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ
ਵਧੀਆ ਉਦਾਹਰਨ ਹੈ?
a) Buying vegetables and calculating the total cost
b) Memorizing formulas
c) Writing definitions only
d) Learning tables without meaning
Correct Answer: (a) Buying vegetables and
calculating the total cost
Explanation: Community mathematics uses real‑life,
everyday situations (market, banking, cooking) to teach math concepts. It makes
learning relevant and practical, unlike rote memorization.
Additional Info: Examples: measuring
ingredients, calculating change, planning budgets, reading timetables. This
approach increases engagement and transfer of skills.
106. Which of the following is irrational? / ਹੇਠਾਂ ਦਿੱਤੇ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਕਿਹੜਾ ਅਪਰਿਮੇਯ ਹੈ?
a) √3
b) √36
c) 9/4
d) 0.25
Correct Answer: (a) √3
Explanation: √3 cannot be expressed as a
fraction p/q (q≠0) and its decimal expansion is non‑terminating non‑repeating.
√36=6 (rational), 9/4 and 0.25 are rational.
Additional Info: Common irrationals: √2, √3, √5,
π, e. Square roots of non‑perfect squares are irrational.
107. If HCF=6 and LCM=180 of two numbers, and one number
is 30, the other is: / ਜੇਕਰ
ਦੋ ਸੰਖਿਆਵਾਂ ਦਾ ਮ.ਸ.ਵ. = 6 ਅਤੇ ਲ.ਸ.ਵ.
= 180 ਹੈ ਅਤੇ ਇੱਕ ਸੰਖਿਆ 30 ਹੈ, ਤਾਂ ਦੂਸਰੀ ਸੰਖਿਆ ਹੈ:
a) 36
b) 18
c) 26
d) 12
Correct Answer: (a) 36
Explanation: For two numbers, product = HCF ×
LCM. So 30 × other = 6 × 180 = 1080 → other = 1080 ÷ 30 = 36.
Additional Info: Always verify: HCF(30,36)=6,
LCM(30,36)=180. This property holds for any two positive integers.
108. The value of (a+b)² - (a-b)² is: / (a+b)² - (a-b)² ਦਾ ਮੁੱਲ ਹੈ:
a) 9ab
b) 4ab
c) a² + b²
d) 0
Correct Answer: (b) 4ab
Explanation: Expand: (a²+2ab+b²) - (a²-2ab+b²) =
a²+2ab+b² - a²+2ab - b² = 4ab.
Additional Info: This identity is useful for
quick calculations. Also, (a+b)² - (a-b)² = 4ab.
109. If perimeter of a square is 48 cm, its area is: / ਜੇਕਰ ਕਿਸੇ ਵਰਗ ਦਾ ਘੇਰਾ 48 cm ਹੈ,
ਤਾਂ ਇਸਦਾ ਖੇਤਰਫਲ ਹੈ:
a) 144 cm²
b) 196 cm²
c) 256 cm²
d) 100 cm²
Correct Answer: (a) 144 cm²
Explanation: Perimeter = 4 × side → side = 48/4
= 12 cm. Area = side² = 12² = 144 cm².
Additional Info: All sides of a square are
equal. Perimeter and area are directly related.
110. Area of a triangle with base 10 cm and height 6 cm
is: / 10 cm ਅਧਾਰ ਅਤੇ 6 cm ਉਚਾਈ ਵਾਲੇ ਤ੍ਰਿਭੁਜ ਦਾ ਖੇਤਰਫਲ ਹੈ:
a) 60 cm²
b) 20 cm²
c) 30 cm²
d) 15 cm²
Correct Answer: (c) 30 cm²
Explanation: Area = 1/2 × base × height = 1/2 ×
10 × 6 = 30 cm².
Additional Info: The height is perpendicular to
the base. This formula applies to all triangles.
111. When a transversal intersects two parallel lines,
the alternate interior angles are: / ਜਦੋਂ
ਇੱਕ ਤਿਰਛੀ ਰੇਖਾ ਦੋ ਸਮਾਂਤਰ ਰੇਖਾਵਾਂ
ਨੂੰ ਕੱਟਦੀ ਹੈ, ਤਾਂ ਏਕਾਂਤਰ ਅੰਤਰ ਕੋਣ ਹੁੰਦੇ ਹਨ:
a) Always equal
b) Always 90°
c) Always 180°
d) Not related
Correct Answer: (a) Always equal
Explanation: A transversal crossing parallel
lines creates pairs of alternate interior angles that are equal. This is a
fundamental property of parallel lines.
Additional Info: Corresponding angles are also
equal. Co‑interior angles are supplementary (sum 180°).
112. Mean of the first 5 natural numbers is: / ਪਹਿਲੀਆਂ 5 ਕੁਦਰਤੀ ਸੰਖਿਆਵਾਂ ਦਾ ਮੱਧਮਾਨ ਹੈ:
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 5
Correct Answer: (c) 3
Explanation: First 5 natural numbers: 1,2,3,4,5.
Sum = 15. Mean = 15/5 = 3.
Additional Info: Mean (average) = sum of
observations divided by number of observations.
113. The point (0,4) lies on which axis? / ਬਿੰਦੂ (0,4) ਕਿਸ ਧੁਰੇ ਉੱਤੇ ਸਥਿਤ ਹੈ?
a) x-axis
b) y-axis
c) Origin
d) Quadrant
Correct Answer: (b) y-axis
Explanation: Any point with x=0 lies on the y‑axis.
The point (0,4) is 4 units above the origin on the y‑axis.
Additional Info: (x,0) lies on x‑axis. (0,0) is
the origin. Quadrants are for points with both non‑zero coordinates.
114. If the sides of a rectangle are in the ratio 5:4 and
its perimeter is 72 cm, what is the length? / ਜੇਕਰ ਕਿਸੇ
ਆਇਤ ਦੀਆਂ ਭੁਜਾਵਾਂ 5:4 ਦੇ ਅਨੁਪਾਤ ਵਿੱਚ
ਹਨ ਅਤੇ ਘੇਰਾ 72 cm ਹੈ, ਤਾਂ ਲੰਬਾਈ ਕੀ ਹੋਵੇਗੀ?
a) 20 cm
b) 40 cm
c) 300 cm
d) 600 cm
Correct Answer: (a) 20 cm
Explanation: Let sides be 5x and 4x. Perimeter =
2(5x+4x)=18x = 72 → x=4. Length (longer side) = 5×4=20 cm.
Additional Info: Length is usually the longer
side (5x vs 4x). Breadth = 16 cm.
115. In the data set 10, 15, 10, 20, 25, 10, what is the
mode? / ਡੇਟਾ ਸਮੂਹ 10, 15, 10, 20, 25, 10 ਦਾ ਬਹੁਲਕ ਕੀ
ਹੈ?
a) 15
b) 20
c) 25
d) 10
Correct Answer: (d) 10
Explanation: Mode is the value that appears most
frequently. 10 appears three times, others appear once. So mode = 10.
Additional Info: A data set can have more than
one mode (bimodal) or no mode.
116. What is the main purpose of using a tally mark table
in data handling? / ਡੇਟਾ
ਪ੍ਰਬੰਧਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਟੈਲੀ ਚਿੰਨ੍ਹ ਸਾਰਣੀ ਦੀ ਵਰਤੋਂ ਦਾ
ਮੁੱਖ ਉਦੇਸ਼ ਕੀ ਹੈ?
a) To organize and count raw data
b) To calculate the average
c) To represent data graphically
d) To calculate the range
Correct Answer: (a) To organize and count raw
data
Explanation: Tally marks provide a quick, visual
way to count frequencies and organize raw data before making graphs or
calculating statistics.
Additional Info: Each tally group of five
(~~||||~~) makes counting easy. It’s the first step in data handling.
117. A teacher asks: "Find a set of numbers whose
median is 4." This is an example of: / ਇੱਕ ਅਧਿਆਪਕ
ਪੁੱਛਦਾ ਹੈ: "ਸੰਖਿਆਵਾਂ ਦਾ ਉਹ ਸਮੂਹ
ਲੱਭੋ ਜਿਸਦੀ ਮੱਧਿਕਾ 4 ਹੈ। ਇਹ
ਕਿਸਦੀ ਉਦਾਹਰਨ ਹੈ?
a) An open-ended question
b) A closed-ended question
c) A memory-based question
d) A rote learning question
Correct Answer: (a) An open-ended question
Explanation: Open‑ended questions have multiple
correct answers or solution paths. Here, many number sets have median 4 (e.g.,
{4}, {3,4,5}, {2,4,4,6}). It encourages creativity and reasoning.
Additional Info: Closed‑ended has one fixed
answer. Open‑ended questions promote higher‑order thinking.
118. The best method to teach geometry at middle level
is: / ਮੱਧ ਪੱਧਰ ਉੱਤੇ ਜਿਓਮੈਟਰੀ ਸਿਖਾਉਣ ਦਾ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ
ਵਧੀਆ ਤਰੀਕਾ ਹੈ:
a) Rote Learning
b) Activity based learning
c) Lecture Method
d) Memorization
Correct Answer: (b) Activity based learning
Explanation: Geometry involves shapes, spatial
reasoning, and properties – best learned through hands‑on activities (cutting,
folding, measuring, drawing). Active learning builds intuition and
understanding.
Additional Info: Use nets, geoboards, origami,
and real objects. Avoid passive memorization of formulas.
119. Formative assessment helps in: / ਰਚਨਾਤਮਕ ਮੁਲਾਂਕਣ ਕਿਸ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਹਾਇਤਾ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ?
a) Final grading
b) Continuous improvement
c) Annual result
d) Promotion
Correct Answer: (b) Continuous improvement
Explanation: Formative assessment (quizzes,
observations, feedback) is ongoing and helps teachers adjust instruction and
students improve during the learning process, not just at the end.
Additional Info: Summative assessment (final
exams) is for grading. Formative is for learning.
120. Concrete to abstract approach to teaching means: / ਅਧਿਆਪਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਠੋਸ ਤੋਂ ਅਮੂਰਤ ਪਹੁੰਚ ਦਾ ਅਰਥ ਹੈ:
a) Start with formulas
b) Start with examples and objects
c) Start with theory
d) Skip basics
Correct Answer: (b) Start with examples and
objects
Explanation: Begin with tangible, real‑world
objects (concrete) and then move to symbols, rules, and abstract concepts. This
aligns with Piaget’s theory of cognitive development.
Additional Info: For example, teach addition
using blocks before writing 2+3=5. This builds deep understanding.
121. Which form of energy is stored in a battery? / ਬੈਟਰੀ ਵਿੱਚ ਊਰਜਾ ਦਾ ਕਿਹੜਾ ਰੂਪ
ਸੰਗ੍ਰਹਿਤ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ?
a) Mechanical / ਯਾਂਤਰਿਕ
b) Chemical / ਰਸਾਇਣਕ
c) Heat / ਤਾਪ
d) Light / ਪ੍ਰਕਾਸ਼
Correct Answer: (b) Chemical / ਰਸਾਇਣਕ
Explanation: A battery stores chemical energy.
When connected in a circuit, chemical reactions release electrical energy.
Additional Info: Primary cells (non‑rechargeable)
and secondary cells (rechargeable) both store chemical energy.
122. Sound travels fastest in: / ਆਵਾਜ਼ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਤੇਜ਼
ਚੱਲਦੀ ਹੈ:
a) Air / ਹਵਾ ਵਿੱਚ
b) Vacuum / ਖਲਾਅ ਵਿੱਚ
c) Water / ਪਾਣੀ ਵਿੱਚ
d) Solid / ਠੋਸ ਵਿੱਚ
Correct Answer: (d) Solid / ਠੋਸ ਵਿੱਚ
Explanation: Sound travels faster in solids
because particles are closer together, allowing quicker transfer of vibrations.
Speed order: solids > liquids > gases. Vacuum does not carry sound.
Additional Info: Speed in air ~343 m/s, in water
~1480 m/s, in steel ~5000 m/s.
123. Water is a: / ਪਾਣੀ
ਇੱਕ ਹੈ:
a) Element / ਤੱਤ
b) Compound / ਯੋਗਿਕ
c) Mixture / ਮਿਸ਼ਰਣ
d) Gas / ਗੈਸ
Correct Answer: (b) Compound / ਯੋਗਿਕ
Explanation: Water (H₂O) is a compound made of
two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom chemically bonded. It is not an element
or mixture.
Additional Info: Elements are pure substances
(H₂, O₂). Compounds have fixed ratios. Water can be solid, liquid, or gas.
124. The process of converting liquid to gas is: / ਤਰਲ ਨੂੰ ਗੈਸ ਵਿੱਚ ਬਦਲਣ ਦੀ ਪ੍ਰਕਿਰਿਆ ਹੈ:
a) Evaporation / ਭਾਫ਼ੀਕਰਨ
b) Melting / ਪਿਘਲਣਾ
c) Freezing / ਜੰਮਣਾ
d) Condensation / ਸੰਘਣਨ
Correct Answer: (a) Evaporation / ਭਾਫ਼ੀਕਰਨ
Explanation: Evaporation (or vaporization) is
the change from liquid to gas. Melting is solid→liquid, freezing liquid→solid,
condensation gas→liquid.
Additional Info: Boiling is a rapid form of
vaporization. Evaporation occurs at any temperature below boiling point.
125. Which gas is used in fire extinguishers? / ਅੱਗ ਬੁਝਾਉਣ ਵਾਲੇ ਯੰਤਰਾਂ ਵਿੱਚ ਕਿਹੜੀ ਗੈਸ ਵਰਤੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ?
a) Oxygen / ਆਕਸੀਜਨ
b) Carbon dioxide / ਕਾਰਬਨ ਡਾਈਆਕਸਾਈਡ
c) Nitrogen / ਨਾਈਟ੍ਰੋਜਨ
d) Hydrogen / ਹਾਈਡ੍ਰੋਜਨ
Correct Answer: (b) Carbon dioxide / ਕਾਰਬਨ ਡਾਈਆਕਸਾਈਡ
Explanation: CO₂ displaces oxygen and cools the
fire. It is non‑combustible and does not conduct electricity, making it
suitable for electrical fires.
Additional Info: Some extinguishers use dry
powder or foam. CO₂ is common for class B (flammable liquids) and class C
(electrical) fires.
126. What is the basic structural and functional unit of
life? / ਜੀਵਨ ਦੀ ਮੁਢਲੀ ਸੰਰਚਨਾਤਮਕ
ਅਤੇ ਕਾਰਜਾਤਮਕ ਇਕਾਈ ਕੀ ਹੈ?
a) Atom / ਪਰਮਾਣੂ
b) Cell / ਕੋਸ਼ਿਕਾ
c) Tissue / ਟਿਸੂ
d) Organ / ਅੰਗ
Correct Answer: (b) Cell / ਕੋਸ਼ਿਕਾ
Explanation: Cell is the smallest unit that can
perform all life processes (nutrition, respiration, reproduction). Tissues and
organs are made of cells.
Additional Info: Some organisms are unicellular
(bacteria, amoeba), others multicellular. Cell theory was given by Schleiden,
Schwann, and Virchow.
127. Which is the longest bone in the human body? / ਮਨੁੱਖੀ ਸਰੀਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਲੰਮੀ
ਹੱਡੀ ਕਿਹੜੀ ਹੈ?
a) Tibia / ਟਿੱਬੀਆ
b) Femur / ਫੈਮਰ
c) Radius / ਰੈਡੀਅਸ
d) Humerus / ਹਿਊਮਰਸ
Correct Answer: (b) Femur / ਫੈਮਰ
Explanation: The femur (thigh bone) is the
longest and strongest bone in the human body. It extends from hip to knee.
Additional Info: Tibia (shin bone) is second
longest. Humerus (upper arm), radius (forearm).
128. By which process do plants release water vapour into
the atmosphere? / ਕਿਸ
ਪ੍ਰਕਿਰਿਆ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਪੌਦੇ ਪਾਣੀ ਦੀ ਭਾਫ਼ ਵਾਯੂਮੰਡਲ
ਵਿੱਚ ਛੱਡਦੇ ਹਨ?
a) Transpiration / ਵਾਸ਼ਪ-ਉਤਸਰਜਨ
b) Digestion / ਪਾਚਨ
c) Photosynthesis / ਪ੍ਰਕਾਸ਼
ਸੰਸਲੇਸ਼ਣ
d) Respiration / ਸਾਹ ਕਿਰਿਆ
Correct Answer: (a) Transpiration / ਵਾਸ਼ਪ-ਉਤਸਰਜਨ
Explanation: Transpiration is the loss of water
vapour from plant leaves (mainly through stomata). It helps in cooling and
water transport.
Additional Info: Photosynthesis produces food,
respiration releases energy, digestion is internal breakdown.
129. Which part of the eye regulates the amount of light
entering it? / ਅੱਖ ਦਾ ਕਿਹੜਾ ਭਾਗ
ਅੱਖ ਵਿੱਚ ਦਾਖਲ ਹੋਣ ਵਾਲੀ ਰੌਸ਼ਨੀ ਦੀ ਮਾਤਰਾ ਨੂੰ
ਨਿਯੰਤ੍ਰਿਤ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ?
a) Retina / ਰੈਟੀਨਾ
b) Iris / ਆਇਰਿਸ
c) Lens / ਲੈਂਸ
d) Cornea / ਕੌਰਨੀਆ
Correct Answer: (b) Iris / ਆਇਰਿਸ
Explanation: The iris (coloured part) contains
muscles that expand or contract the pupil, controlling light entry. Retina
detects light, lens focuses, cornea protects and bends light.
Additional Info: In bright light, iris
constricts pupil; in dim light, dilates pupil.
130. Deficiency of which Vitamin within the body causes
Scurvy? / ਸਰੀਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਕਿਹੜੇ ਵਿਟਾਮਿਨ ਦੀ ਕਮੀ ਨਾਲ
ਸਕਰਵੀ ਰੋਗ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ?
a) Vitamin A / ਵਿਟਾਮਿਨ A
b) Vitamin C / ਵਿਟਾਮਿਨ C
c) Vitamin E / ਵਿਟਾਮਿਨ E
d) Vitamin K / ਵਿਟਾਮਿਨ K
Correct Answer: (b) Vitamin C / ਵਿਟਾਮਿਨ C
Explanation: Scurvy (bleeding gums, weakness) is
caused by vitamin C deficiency. Vitamin C is essential for collagen synthesis.
Additional Info: Sources: citrus fruits, amla,
tomatoes. Other deficiency diseases: night blindness (A), rickets (D), beriberi
(B1).
131. What is the main function of Roughage in the body? /
ਸਰੀਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਰੇਸ਼ੇਦਾਰ ਪਦਾਰਥ (Roughage) ਦਾ ਮੁੱਖ ਕੰਮ
ਕੀ ਹੈ?
a) Providing energy to the body
b) Protection from various diseases
c) Repairing the dead cells
d) Aiding movement of the bowel
Correct Answer: (d) Aiding movement of the bowel
Explanation: Roughage (dietary fibre) is
indigestible but absorbs water, adds bulk to stool, and helps prevent
constipation by promoting regular bowel movements.
Additional Info: Roughage does not provide
energy. Sources: whole grains, fruits, vegetables. It also helps control blood
sugar and cholesterol.
132. When iodine is added to food, it turns blue-black.
This means that the food contains: / ਜਦੋਂ
ਭੋਜਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਆਇਓਡੀਨ ਮਿਲਾਈ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ, ਤਾਂ ਇਹ ਨੀਲੇ-ਕਾਲੇ
ਰੰਗ ਵਿੱਚ ਬਦਲ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ। ਇਸਦਾ
ਅਰਥ ਹੈ ਕਿ ਭੋਜਨ
ਵਿੱਚ ___ ਹੈ।
a) Proteins / ਪ੍ਰੋਟੀਨ
b) Fats / ਚਰਬੀ
c) Starch / ਸਟਾਰਚ
d) Water / ਪਾਣੀ
Correct Answer: (c) Starch / ਸਟਾਰਚ
Explanation: Iodine solution reacts with starch
to give a blue‑black colour. This is a standard test for starch. Proteins,
fats, and water do not give this reaction.
Additional Info: Biuret test for proteins, paper
test for fats. Starch is a carbohydrate found in potatoes, rice, wheat.
133. Air is transparent, whereas a wooden door is: / ਹਵਾ ਪਾਰਦਰਸ਼ੀ ਹੈ, ਜਦੋਂਕਿ ਲੱਕੜ ਦਾ ਦਰਵਾਜ਼ਾ ___ ਹੈ।
a) Transparent, Opaque / ਪਾਰਦਰਸ਼ੀ,
ਅਪਾਰਦਰਸ਼ੀ
b) Translucent, Transparent / ਅਰਧ-ਪਾਰਦਰਸ਼ੀ, ਪਾਰਦਰਸ਼ੀ
c) Opaque, Translucent / ਅਪਾਰਦਰਸ਼ੀ,
ਅਰਧ-ਪਾਰਦਰਸ਼ੀ
d) Transparent, Translucent / ਪਾਰਦਰਸ਼ੀ,
ਅਰਧ-ਪਾਰਦਰਸ਼ੀ
Correct Answer: (a) Transparent, Opaque / ਪਾਰਦਰਸ਼ੀ, ਅਪਾਰਦਰਸ਼ੀ
Explanation: Air is transparent (light passes
through clearly). Wooden door is opaque (light cannot pass through).
Translucent allows some light but diffused (e.g., frosted glass).
Additional Info: The question format: “Air is
transparent, whereas a wooden door is opaque.” So correct pair in order:
transparent, opaque.
134. Assertion (A): Trees become natural resources when
humans use them to make furniture. Reason (R): An element of Nature becomes a
resource only when it is useful and accessible. / ਕਥਨ (A): ਦਰੱਖਤ ਕੁਦਰਤੀ ਸੰਸਾਧਨ ਬਣ ਜਾਂਦੇ ਹਨ
ਜਦੋਂ ਮਨੁੱਖ ਉਹਨਾਂ ਦੀ ਵਰਤੋਂ ਫਰਨੀਚਰ
ਬਣਾਉਣ ਲਈ ਕਰਦੇ ਹਨ।
a) Both (A) and (R) are true, and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
b) Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
c) (A) is true, but (R) is false.
d) (A) is false, but (R) is true.
Correct Answer: (a) Both (A) and (R) are true,
and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
Explanation: Trees exist in nature but become a
‘resource’ only when humans find them useful (for furniture) and accessible.
The reason correctly explains the assertion.
Additional Info: Resources are culturally
defined. Something becomes a resource only when technology, economy, or culture
makes it valuable (e.g., uranium was not a resource before nuclear technology).
135. Which planet is known as the 'Morning Star' or
'Evening Star'? / ਕਿਹੜੇ
ਗ੍ਰਹਿ ਨੂੰ 'ਸਵੇਰ ਦਾ ਤਾਰਾ' ਜਾਂ
'ਸ਼ਾਮ ਦਾ ਤਾਰਾ' ਕਿਹਾ
ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ?
a) Mars / ਮੰਗਲ
b) Venus / ਸ਼ੁੱਕਰ
c) Mercury / ਬੁੱਧ
d) Jupiter / ਬ੍ਰਹਸਪਤੀ
Correct Answer: (b) Venus / ਸ਼ੁੱਕਰ
Explanation: Venus is often visible just before
sunrise (Morning Star) or just after sunset (Evening Star) because its orbit
lies inside Earth’s. It reflects sunlight brightly.
Additional Info: Mercury also appears as a
morning/evening star but less easily seen. Venus is called the ‘evening star’
despite not being a star.
136. Which of the following is an example of non-uniform
motion? / ਹੇਠਾਂ ਦਿੱਤੇ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਕਿਹੜਾ ਅਸਮਾਨ ਗਤੀ ਦੀ ਉਦਾਹਰਨ ਹੈ?
a) A car moving at constant speed
b) A ball rolling at constant speed
c) A train entering a station
d) Earth rotating at constant speed
Correct Answer: (c) A train entering a station
Explanation: Non‑uniform motion means changing
speed or direction. A train slows down while entering a station – speed
changes. Others are uniform (constant speed).
Additional Info: Uniform motion: equal distances
in equal time intervals. Non‑uniform: acceleration or deceleration.
137. Why are the wheels of vehicles made circular? / ਵਾਹਨਾਂ ਦੇ ਪਹੀਏ ਗੋਲ
ਕਿਉਂ ਬਣਾਏ ਜਾਂਦੇ ਹਨ?
a) To increase friction
b) To reduce friction
c) To improve appearance
d) To increase speed
Correct Answer: (b) To reduce friction
Explanation: Circular wheels roll, which reduces
friction compared to sliding. Rolling friction is much less than sliding
friction, making movement easier and efficient.
Additional Info: If wheels were square, they
would slide or jerk. Rolling friction also saves energy and reduces wear.
138. Which of the following is the correct sequence in
the water cycle? / ਹੇਠਾਂ
ਦਿੱਤੇ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਕਿਹੜਾ ਜਲ-ਚੱਕਰ ਦਾ
ਸਹੀ ਕ੍ਰਮ ਹੈ?
a) Evaporation -> Condensation -> Precipitation
b) Condensation -> Precipitation -> Evaporation
c) Precipitation -> Evaporation -> Condensation
d) Collection -> Condensation -> Evaporation
Correct Answer: (a) Evaporation ->
Condensation -> Precipitation
Explanation: The water cycle: water evaporates
(liquid→vapour), cools and condenses into clouds (vapour→liquid), then falls as
precipitation (rain, snow). Collection (rivers, lakes) follows.
Additional Info: Transpiration from plants also
adds water vapour. The cycle is continuous.
139. Which property of water explains the spherical shape
of raindrops? / ਪਾਣੀ
ਦੀ ਕਿਹੜੀ ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਤਾ ਮੀਂਹ ਦੀਆਂ ਬੂੰਦਾਂ ਦੀ ਗੋਲ ਆਕ੍ਰਿਤੀ
ਦੀ ਵਿਆਖਿਆ ਕਰਦੀ ਹੈ?
a) Surface Tension / ਸਤਹੀ ਤਣਾਅ
b) Viscosity / ਲਸਲਸਾਪਣ
c) Air Pressure / ਹਵਾ ਦਾ ਦਬਾਅ
d) Gravitational Force / ਗੁਰੂਤਾ
ਬਲ
Correct Answer: (a) Surface Tension / ਸਤਹੀ ਤਣਾਅ
Explanation: Surface tension causes water
molecules at the surface to pull together, minimizing surface area. For a given
volume, sphere has the smallest surface area, so raindrops become spherical.
Additional Info: Small drops are nearly
spherical; larger drops flatten due to air resistance. Mercury also forms
spherical droplets.
140. Which statement is correct about the cell? / ਕੋਸ਼ਿਕਾ ਬਾਰੇ ਕਿਹੜਾ ਕਥਨ ਸਹੀ ਹੈ?
a) All cells have a nucleus
b) All cells are round in shape
c) The cells of a tissue are similar in structure and function
d) All cells are the same in size
Correct Answer: (c) The cells of a tissue are
similar in structure and function
Explanation: A tissue is a group of similar
cells working together. Not all cells have a nucleus (RBCs lack one), shapes
vary (nerve cells long, RBCs biconcave), and sizes vary (egg vs. bacteria).
Additional Info: Prokaryotic cells have no
nucleus (bacteria). Tissues combine to form organs.
141. Passing electric current through a solution causing
a color change indicates: / ਘੋਲ
ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਬਿਜਲੀ ਕਰੰਟ ਲੰਘਾਉਣ 'ਤੇ ਰੰਗ ਬਦਲਣਾ
ਕੀ ਦਰਸਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ?
a) Chemical effect / ਰਸਾਇਣਕ
ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵ
b) Heating effect / ਤਾਪੀ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵ
c) Magnetic effect / ਚੁੰਬਕੀ
ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵ
d) Lighting effect / ਰੌਸ਼ਨੀ
ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵ
Correct Answer: (a) Chemical effect / ਰਸਾਇਣਕ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵ
Explanation: Color change indicates a chemical
reaction (electrolysis or formation of new substances). This is the chemical
effect of current, not heating (hot wire) or magnetic (deflection).
Additional Info: Examples: electrolysis of water
(bubbles), copper plating (color change).
142. The magnetic field lines around a magnet: / ਚੁੰਬਕ ਦੇ ਆਲੇ-ਦੁਆਲੇ
ਚੁੰਬਕੀ ਬਲ ਰੇਖਾਵਾਂ:
a) Cross each other / ਇੱਕ-ਦੂਜੇ ਨੂੰ ਕੱਟਦੀਆਂ
ਹਨ
b) Form closed loops / ਬੰਦ ਲੂਪ ਬਣਾਉਂਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ
c) Move from South to North pole
d) Are not present outside
Correct Answer: (b) Form closed loops / ਬੰਦ ਲੂਪ ਬਣਾਉਂਦੀਆਂ
ਹਨ
Explanation: Magnetic field lines are continuous
closed loops, emerging from North pole, entering South pole outside the magnet,
and going from South to North inside. They never cross.
Additional Info: The direction outside is N→S;
inside S→N. Iron filings align along these lines.
143. In Fleming's Left Hand Rule, the thumb represents
the direction of: / ਫਲੇਮਿੰਗ
ਦੇ ਖੱਬੇ ਹੱਥ ਦੇ ਨਿਯਮ ਵਿੱਚ,
ਅੰਗੂਠਾ ਕਿਸ ਦਿਸ਼ਾ ਨੂੰ ਦਰਸਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ?
a) Magnetic field
b) Induced current
c) Motion (force) / ਗਤੀ (ਬਲ)
d) Voltage
Correct Answer: (c) Motion (force) / ਗਤੀ (ਬਲ)
Explanation: Fleming’s Left Hand Rule for
motors: Thumb → Motion (Force), Forefinger → Magnetic Field (North to South),
Middle finger → Current (positive to negative).
Additional Info: Used for electric motors. Right
hand rule is for generators (induced current).
144. The instrument used to record earthquake waves is
called a: / ਭੂਚਾਲ ਦੀਆਂ ਤਰੰਗਾਂ ਦਰਜ ਕਰਨ ਲਈ ਵਰਤੇ ਜਾਂਦੇ
ਯੰਤਰ ਨੂੰ ਕਿਹਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ:
a) Barometer / ਬੈਰੋਮੀਟਰ
b) Seismograph / ਸੀਸਮੋਗ੍ਰਾਫ
c) Richter Scale / ਰਿਕਟਰ ਸਕੇਲ
d) Hygrometer / ਹਾਈਗਰੋਮੀਟਰ
Correct Answer: (b) Seismograph / ਸੀਸਮੋਗ੍ਰਾਫ
Explanation: Seismograph records ground motion
(seismic waves). Richter scale measures magnitude using seismograph data; it is
not an instrument but a scale.
Additional Info: Barometer measures air
pressure, hygrometer humidity. Seismograms are the recorded paper/output.
145. Which of the following is the best example of
experiential learning? / ਹੇਠਾਂ
ਦਿੱਤੇ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਕਿਹੜਾ ਤਜਰਬੇ ਅਧਾਰਿਤ ਸਿੱਖਣ ਦੀ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ
ਵਧੀਆ ਉਦਾਹਰਨ ਹੈ?
a) Reading textbook silently
b) Visiting a garden and observing plants
c) Copying notes from the board
d) Learning definitions by heart
Correct Answer: (b) Visiting a garden and
observing plants
Explanation: Experiential learning is “learning
by doing” or direct experience. Visiting a garden and observing plants provides
firsthand sensory experience, unlike passive reading or copying.
Additional Info: Experiential learning cycle:
concrete experience → reflection → abstract conceptualization → active
experimentation.
146. Which of the following best describes 'inquiry-based
approach' in science? / ਵਿਗਿਆਨ
ਅਧਿਆਪਨ ਵਿੱਚ 'ਜਾਂਚ-ਅਧਾਰਿਤ ਪਹੁੰਚ' ਦਾ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ
ਵਧੀਆ ਵਰਣਨ ਕਿਹੜਾ ਹੈ?
a) Memorizing facts
b) Teacher demonstrating experiments
c) Students investigate questions and draw conclusions
d) Following fixed steps to verify results
Correct Answer: (c) Students investigate
questions and draw conclusions
Explanation: Inquiry‑based learning involves
students formulating questions, designing investigations, collecting evidence,
and drawing conclusions – mirroring how scientists work.
Additional Info: It fosters curiosity, critical
thinking, and ownership of learning. Teacher acts as facilitator.
147. Which of the following are developed through Science
education? / ਵਿਗਿਆਨ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ ਦੁਆਰਾ ਹੇਠਾਂ ਦਿੱਤੇ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਕਿਹੜੇ ਵਿਕਸਿਤ ਕੀਤੇ ਜਾਂਦੇ ਹਨ?
a) Only Objectivity and Scientific Temperament
b) Only Objectivity and Scientific Attitude
c) Only Scientific Temperament and Attitude
d) Objectivity, Scientific Temperament, and Attitude
Correct Answer: (d) Objectivity, Scientific
Temperament, and Attitude
Explanation: Science education develops all
three: objectivity (unbiased observation), scientific temperament (questioning,
evidence‑based thinking), and scientific attitude (curiosity, skepticism, open‑mindedness).
Additional Info: These are essential for
rational thinking and are part of NEP 2020’s goals for science teaching.
148. In an integrated approach to science teaching, the
teacher should: / ਵਿਗਿਆਨ
ਅਧਿਆਪਨ ਦੀ ਏਕੀਕ੍ਰਿਤ ਪਹੁੰਚ
ਵਿੱਚ, ਅਧਿਆਪਕ ਨੂੰ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ:
a) Teach each branch separately
b) Connect science with other subjects and real life
c) Avoid practical activities
d) Focus only on practicals
Correct Answer: (b) Connect science with other
subjects and real life
Explanation: Integrated approach links science
with maths, social studies, language, and everyday life. It breaks subject
boundaries and makes learning holistic.
Additional Info: Example: learning about water
cycle with geography (rivers), maths (rainfall graphs), language (poems on
rain).
149. Which of the following is NOT correct as per the
nature of Science? / ਵਿਗਿਆਨ
ਦੀ ਪ੍ਰਕਿਰਤੀ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ ਹੇਠਾਂ ਦਿੱਤੇ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਕਿਹੜਾ ਸਹੀ ਨਹੀਂ ਹੈ?
a) Science is equivalent to a set of facts
b) Science is an interdisciplinary field
c) Scientific knowledge is provisional
d) Science promotes skepticism
Correct Answer: (a) Science is equivalent to a
set of facts
Explanation: Science is a process of inquiry,
not just a collection of facts. It is dynamic, tentative, and open to revision.
Fact collection is only one part.
Additional Info: Science involves theories,
models, experiments, and peer review. Interdisciplinary, provisional, and
skeptical are correct descriptors.
150. The MAIN purpose of hands-on activities in science
is to: / ਵਿਗਿਆਨ ਵਿੱਚ ਵਿਹਾਰਕ ਗਤੀਵਿਧੀਆਂ ਦਾ ਮੁੱਖ ਉਦੇਸ਼
ਹੈ:
a) Assess students on experiential learning
b) Maintain active engagement
c) Maintain discipline
d) Develop inquiry skills and higher-order thinking
Correct Answer: (d) Develop inquiry skills and
higher-order thinking
Explanation: Hands‑on activities (experiments,
models, labs) allow students to explore, hypothesize, test, and reason –
developing inquiry skills and higher‑order thinking (analysis, synthesis,
evaluation).
Additional Info: While engagement and assessment
are benefits, the primary goal is cognitive skill development. NEP 2020
emphasizes experiential learning for deep understanding.
Physical
Education
91. Who was the founder of the Scout and Guide movement?
/ ਸਕਾਊਟ ਅਤੇ ਗਾਈਡ ਲਹਿਰ ਦੇ ਸੰਸਥਾਪਕ ਕੌਣ
ਸਨ?
a) Sir Robert Hudson
b) Sir John Hunt
c) William Gladstone
d) Lord Baden-Powell
Correct Answer: (d) Lord Baden-Powell / ਲਾਰਡ ਬੇਡਨ-ਪਾਵੇਲ
Explanation: Lord Robert Baden-Powell founded
the Scout Movement in 1907 after the Brownsea Island camp. His sister, Agnes
Baden-Powell, and later his wife Olave, helped establish the Guide movement.
Additional Info: The first Scout rally was held
at Crystal Palace in 1909. The movement now has over 50 million members
worldwide. Baden-Powell’s book “Scouting for Boys” remains a key text.
92. What is the official 'Motto' of the Scouts and
Guides? / ਸਕਾਉਟਸ ਅਤੇ ਗਾਈਡਸ ਦਾ ਅਧਿਕਾਰਤ ਮੋਟੋ
ਕੀ ਹੈ?
a) Win the Race
b) Be Prepared
c) Service Above Self
d) Always First
Correct Answer: (b) Be Prepared / ਤਿਆਰ ਰਹੋ
Explanation: “Be Prepared” means being ready in
mind and body to face any challenge or help others. It was chosen by
Baden-Powell based on the initials of his own name (B.P.).
Additional Info: The Scout sign, salute, and
left‑hand shake are other symbols. The motto is used worldwide in many
languages. For Guides, some countries use “Be Prepared” as well, or “Ready for
Anything”.
93. In Safety Education, the 'Golden Hour' refers to: / ਸੁਰੱਖਿਆ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ ਵਿੱਚ, 'ਸੁਨਹਿਰੀ ਘੰਟਾ' ਦਾ ਅਰਥ ਹੈ:
a) The last hour of a sports match
b) The first hour after a traumatic injury where prompt medical care is most
effective
c) The time taken to reach the stadium
d) The hour during which the sun sets
Correct Answer: (b) The first hour after a
traumatic injury where prompt medical care is most effective / ਸੱਟ ਲੱਗਣ ਤੋਂ
ਬਾਅਦ ਦਾ ਪਹਿਲਾ
ਘੰਟਾ ਜਦੋਂ ਤੁਰੰਤ ਡਾਕਟਰੀ
ਦੇਖਭਾਲ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ
ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵਸ਼ਾਲੀ ਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ
Explanation: The Golden Hour is a critical
window for trauma patients – rapid medical intervention within one hour
significantly increases survival and reduces long‑term disability.
Additional Info: Emergency services prioritize
transport to trauma centers during this time. “Platinum ten minutes” refers to
the first 10 minutes for basic life support.
94. Which of the following is the most critical safety
protocol for students when boarding or deboarding a school bus? / ਸਕੂਲ ਬੱਸ ਵਿੱਚ ਚੜ੍ਹਦੇ ਜਾਂ ਉੱਤਰਦੇ ਸਮੇਂ ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀਆਂ ਲਈ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ
ਮਹੱਤਵਪੂਰਨ ਸੁਰੱਖਿਆ ਨਿਯਮ ਕਿਹੜਾ ਹੈ?
a) Waiting for the bus to come to a complete halt and for the door to be fully
opened
b) Attempting to board the vehicle while it is in slow motion
c) Standing on the footboard of the moving bus
d) Crossing the road immediately from the front of the bus
Correct Answer: (a) Waiting for the bus to come
to a complete halt and for the door to be fully opened / ਬੱਸ ਦੇ ਪੂਰੀ
ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਰੁਕਣ ਅਤੇ ਦਰਵਾਜ਼ਾ
ਪੂਰੀ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਖੁੱਲ੍ਹਣ ਦੀ
ਉਡੀਕ ਕਰਨਾ
Explanation: Boarding or alighting a moving bus
is extremely dangerous. Students must wait for the bus to stop completely and
the driver to open the door before moving. Crossing from the front is risky due
to blind spots.
Additional Info: Other safety rules: cross at
least 10 feet in front of the bus after making eye contact with driver; never
run after a moving bus.
95. The Scout 'Promise' includes a commitment to: / ਸਕਾਊਟ 'ਵਾਅਦੇ' ਵਿੱਚ ਕਿਸ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਵਚਨਬੱਧਤਾ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਹੈ?
a) Give first aid to people
b) Do one's duty to God and the Country
c) Focus on physical strength
d) Travel around the world
Correct Answer: (b) Do one's duty to God and the
Country / ਰੱਬ ਅਤੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ
ਆਪਣਾ ਫਰਜ਼ ਨਿਭਾਉਣਾ
Explanation: The Scout Promise (or Oath)
includes three core parts: duty to God/faith, duty to the country, and helping
others. It forms the ethical foundation of scouting.
Additional Info: Different countries may adjust
the wording (e.g., “duty to my community” instead of God). The Law of Scouting
includes 10 points like trustworthy, loyal, helpful, friendly, etc.
96. While teaching a new skill like 'Basketball
Dribbling' to Class VI students, what is the most effective pedagogical
approach? / ਛੇਵੀਂ ਜਮਾਤ ਦੇ ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀਆਂ ਨੂੰ
'ਬਾਸਕਟਬਾਲ ਡ੍ਰਿਬਲਿੰਗ' ਵਰਗੀ ਨਵੀਂ ਕੁਸ਼ਲਤਾ ਸਿਖਾਉਂਦੇ ਸਮੇਂ, ਸਭ ਤੋਂ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵਸ਼ਾਲੀ
ਅਧਿਆਪਨ ਪਹੁੰਚ ਕੀ ਹੈ?
a) Demonstration followed by guided practice and feedback
b) Giving a one-hour lecture on history
c) Showing a movie of different skills
d) Asking students to read the rulebook at home
Correct Answer: (a) Demonstration followed by
guided practice and feedback / ਪ੍ਰਦਰਸ਼ਨ
ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਸੇਧਿਤ
ਅਭਿਆਸ ਅਤੇ ਫੀਡਬੈਕ
Explanation: Motor skills are best learned
through demonstration (visual model), then active practice with teacher
guidance and corrective feedback. Lectures or reading are ineffective for
physical skills.
Additional Info: This follows the “whole‑part‑whole”
method or “I do, we do, you do” scaffolding. Video analysis can supplement but
not replace hands‑on practice.
97. 'Formative Assessment' in a Physical Education class
happens: / ਸਰੀਰਕ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ ਦੀ ਕਲਾਸ ਵਿੱਚ
'ਰਚਨਾਤਮਕ ਮੁਲਾਂਕਣ' ਕਦੋਂ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ?
a) Only during the final practical exam in March
b) Continuously throughout the teaching-learning process
c) Only when a student is injured
d) By checking written homework twice a year
Correct Answer: (b) Continuously throughout the
teaching-learning process / ਸਿੱਖਣ-ਸਿਖਾਉਣ ਪ੍ਰਕਿਰਿਆ ਦੌਰਾਨ
ਲਗਾਤਾਰ
Explanation: Formative assessment includes
ongoing observations, feedback, skill checks, and self‑assessment during
lessons. It helps teachers adjust instruction and students improve in real
time, unlike summative finals.
Additional Info: Examples: teacher watching
dribbling and giving tips, peer assessment using a checklist, student
reflection journals.
98. In a middle school Physical Education (PE)
curriculum, 'Adaptive Physical Education' refers to: / ਮਿਡਲ ਸਕੂਲ ਸਰੀਰਕ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ (PE) ਪਾਠਕ੍ਰਮ ਵਿੱਚ, ਅਨੁਕੂਲਿਤ ਸਰੀਰਕ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ ਦਾ ਅਰਥ ਹੈ:
a) Advanced training for elite athletes
b) Changing the school uniform for sports
c) Teaching how to adapt to hot weather
d) Modified programs for students with special needs
Correct Answer: (d) Modified programs for
students with special needs / ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼
ਲੋੜਾਂ ਵਾਲੇ ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀਆਂ ਲਈ
ਸੋਧੇ ਹੋਏ ਪ੍ਰੋਗਰਾਮ
Explanation: Adaptive PE individualizes
activities, equipment, and rules to include students with disabilities
(physical, intellectual, or sensory) so they can participate safely and
successfully.
Additional Info: Examples: using a
larger/lighter ball, allowing a runner to start closer, or providing a partner
for support. It is mandated by the RPwD Act in India.
99. Which of the following is a 'Cognitive objective' of
Physical Education? / ਹੇਠਾਂ
ਦਿੱਤਿਆਂ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਕਿਹੜਾ ਸਰੀਰਕ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ ਦਾ ਬੋਧਾਤਮਕ ਉਦੇਸ਼
ਹੈ?
a) Developing a strong muscular physique
b) Understanding the rules and strategies of a game
c) Improving the speed of a 100m sprint
d) Achieving a flexible body
Correct Answer: (b) Understanding the rules and
strategies of a game / ਖੇਡ ਦੇ ਨਿਯਮਾਂ
ਅਤੇ ਰਣਨੀਤੀਆਂ ਨੂੰ
ਸਮਝਣਾ
Explanation: Cognitive objectives relate to
knowledge, reasoning, and mental skills – like recalling rules, analyzing
tactics, or decision‑making. Physical and motor objectives are psychomotor.
Additional Info: Bloom’s taxonomy in PE:
cognitive (knowing), affective (values, teamwork), psychomotor (physical
skills).
100. To develop 'Sportsmanship' among middle school
students, a teacher should emphasize: / ਮਿਡਲ
ਸਕੂਲ ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀਆਂ ਵਿੱਚ 'ਖੇਡ ਭਾਵਨਾ' ਵਿਕਸਿਤ ਕਰਨ ਲਈ, ਇੱਕ ਅਧਿਆਪਕ ਨੇ ਕਿਸ ਗੱਲ
'ਤੇ ਜ਼ੋਰ ਦੇਣਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ ਹੈ?
a) Winning the game by any means
b) Pointing out every mistake of a teammate
c) Respecting the opponent and the spirit of the game
d) Celebrating excessively to intimidate rivals
Correct Answer: (c) Respecting the opponent and
the spirit of the game / ਵਿਰੋਧੀ
ਦਾ ਸਤਿਕਾਰ ਕਰਨਾ
ਅਤੇ ਖੇਡ ਦੀ
ਭਾਵਨਾ ਦਾ ਸਨਮਾਨ
ਕਰਨਾ
Explanation: Sportsmanship includes fair play,
respect for opponents and officials, gracious winning/losing, and teamwork. It
is an affective objective of PE.
Additional Info: Teachers can model
sportsmanship, discuss ethical dilemmas, and use cooperative games. The “spirit
of the game” is valued more than victory at all costs.
101. What is the purpose of 'Lead-up Games' for Classes
VI-VIII? / ਛੇਵੀਂ ਤੋਂ ਅੱਠਵੀਂ ਜਮਾਤ ਦੇ ਸਰੀਰਕ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ
ਪਾਠਕ੍ਰਮ ਵਿੱਚ 'ਲੀਡ-ਅੱਪ ਖੇਡਾਂ' ਦਾ ਉਦੇਸ਼ ਕੀ
ਹੈ?
a) To kill time
b) To simplify complex sports into fun activities that build basic skills
c) To conduct professional-level trials
d) To replace the main sports entirely
Correct Answer: (b) To simplify complex sports
into fun activities that build basic skills
Explanation: Lead‑up games are modified, smaller‑scale
versions of official sports (e.g., 3v3 basketball half‑court) that focus on
developing specific skills before playing the full game.
Additional Info: They increase participation,
reduce complexity, and build confidence. Examples: “Ladder golf” for throwing
accuracy, “Kho‑Kho” with fewer runners.
102. If a student is consistently afraid of the ball
during a Cricket drill, the teacher should: / ਜੇਕਰ ਕੋਈ
ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀ ਕ੍ਰਿਕੇਟ ਅਭਿਆਸ ਦੌਰਾਨ ਲਗਾਤਾਰ ਗੇਂਦ ਤੋਂ ਡਰਦਾ ਹੈ, ਤਾਂ ਅਧਿਆਪਕ ਨੂੰ ਕੀ ਕਰਨਾ ਚਾਹੀਦਾ
ਹੈ?
a) Shout at the student
b) Tell them they are not fit for sports
c) Remove the student from the group
d) Use a softer ball (like a tennis or sponge ball) to build confidence
Correct Answer: (d) Use a softer ball (like a
tennis or sponge ball) to build confidence / ਆਤਮਵਿਸ਼ਵਾਸ
ਵਧਾਉਣ ਲਈ ਨਰਮ
ਗੇਂਦ (ਟੈਨਿਸ ਜਾਂ ਸਪੰਜ
ਗੇਂਦ) ਵਰਤਣਾ
Explanation: Fear of the ball is common. The
teacher should reduce risk gradually – using a soft ball, slower throws, or
moving closer. This builds confidence through success.
Additional Info: Positive reinforcement and peer
support also help. Never force or mock. Inclusive teaching addresses individual
anxieties.
103. A 'Lesson Plan' in Physical Education must ideally
begin with: / ਸਰੀਰਕ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ ਵਿੱਚ ਇੱਕ 'ਪਾਠ-ਯੋਜਨਾ' ਦੀ ਸ਼ੁਰੂਆਤ ਆਦਰਸ਼ਕ
ਤੌਰ 'ਤੇ ਕਿਸ ਨਾਲ
ਹੋਣੀ ਚਾਹੀਦੀ ਹੈ?
a) A proper warm-up session
b) High-intensity competition
c) Distribution of water
d) Static cooling-down stretches
Correct Answer: (a) A proper warm-up session / ਸਹੀ ਵਾਰਮ-ਅੱਪ
ਸੈਸ਼ਨ
Explanation: A PE lesson should start with a
warm‑up (light activity, dynamic stretches) to increase blood flow, raise
muscle temperature, and reduce injury risk. Cooling‑down comes at the end.
Additional Info: Warm‑up can include jogging,
mobility drills, and game‑related movements. The structure: warm‑up → skill
development → lead‑up game → cool‑down.
104. In 'Inclusive Education', the role of a Physical
Education teacher is to ensure: / 'ਸਮਾਵੇਸ਼ੀ
ਸਿੱਖਿਆ' ਵਿੱਚ, ਸਰੀਰਕ ਸਿੱਖਿਆ ਅਧਿਆਪਕ ਦੀ ਭੂਮਿਕਾ ਇਹ
ਯਕੀਨੀ ਬਣਾਉਣਾ ਹੈ:
a) Only talented students get play-time
b) Every student, regardless of ability, has an equal opportunity to
participate
c) Girls and boys always play separate games
d) Theory is prioritized over ground activity
Correct Answer: (b) Every student, regardless of
ability, has an equal opportunity to participate / ਹਰ ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀ
ਨੂੰ ਭਾਗ ਲੈਣ
ਦਾ ਬਰਾਬਰ ਮੌਕਾ
ਮਿਲੇ
Explanation: Inclusive PE means adapting
activities, equipment, and rules so that all children – including those with
disabilities – can participate meaningfully alongside peers.
Additional Info: Universal Design for Learning
(UDL) principles apply: multiple means of engagement, representation, and
action/expression.
105. Which teaching style is most effective for
encouraging 'Problem Solving' during a game? / ਕਿਹੜੀ ਅਧਿਆਪਨ
ਸ਼ੈਲੀ ਖੇਡ ਦੌਰਾਨ 'ਸਮੱਸਿਆ ਹੱਲ' ਕਰਨ ਨੂੰ ਉਤਸ਼ਾਹਿਤ ਕਰਨ ਲਈ ਸਭ ਤੋਂ
ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵਸ਼ਾਲੀ ਹੈ?
a) Command Style
b) Passive Style
c) Dictation Style
d) Discovery/Inquiry Style
Correct Answer: (d) Discovery/Inquiry Style / ਖੋਜ/ਜਾਂਚ ਸ਼ੈਲੀ
Explanation: In discovery style, the teacher
sets a problem (e.g., “How can you score against a defender?”) and students
explore solutions. This builds decision‑making and creativity. Command style is
teacher‑centered and less effective for problem‑solving.
Additional Info: Mosston’s teaching styles
spectrum includes command, practice, reciprocal, self‑check, inclusion, guided
discovery, and divergent discovery.
106. Which aspect of health is addressed by managing
emotions and competition stress? / ਭਾਵਨਾਵਾਂ
ਨੂੰ ਕਾਬੂ ਕਰਨ ਅਤੇ ਮੁਕਾਬਲੇ ਦੇ ਤਣਾਅ ਨੂੰ
ਸੰਭਾਲਣ ਨਾਲ ਸਿਹਤ ਦਾ ਕਿਹੜਾ ਪਹਿਲੂ
ਸੰਬੋਧਿਤ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ?
a) Physical Health
b) Spiritual Health
c) Social Health
d) Mental Health
Correct Answer: (d) Mental Health / ਮਾਨਸਿਕ ਸਿਹਤ
Explanation: Mental health includes emotional
regulation, stress management, resilience, and self‑awareness. Managing
competition stress and emotions directly falls under mental/emotional health.
Additional Info: WHO defines health as complete
physical, mental, and social well‑being. Mental health is often neglected in PE
but crucial for performance and life.
107. Which internal factor significantly influences
health status? / ਕਿਹੜਾ
ਅੰਦਰੂਨੀ ਕਾਰਕ ਕਿਸੇ ਵਿਅਕਤੀ ਦੀ ਸਿਹਤ ਸਥਿਤੀ
ਨੂੰ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵਿਤ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ?
a) Environmental pollution
b) Genetic inheritance
c) Healthcare availability
d) Social media trends
Correct Answer: (b) Genetic inheritance / ਜੈਨੇਟਿਕ ਵਿਰਾਸਤ
Explanation: Internal factors are inside the
body – genetics, age, sex, immunity. External factors include environment,
healthcare, lifestyle. Genetics predispose to certain conditions (e.g.,
diabetes, heart disease).
Additional Info: While we cannot change
genetics, we can modify lifestyle (external) to reduce risks. Gene‑environment
interaction is key.
108. Best way to check if a student is growing at a
healthy weight for their height? / ਵਿਦਿਆਰਥੀ
ਦਾ ਭਾਰ ਉਚਾਈ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ ਸਹੀ ਹੈ, ਇਹ ਜਾਂਚਣ ਦਾ
ਵਧੀਆ ਤਰੀਕਾ ਕੀ ਹੈ?
a) Counting daily steps
b) Measuring Body Mass Index (BMI)
c) Checking pulse rate
d) Measuring shoulder width
Correct Answer: (b) Measuring Body Mass Index
(BMI) / BMI ਮਾਪਣਾ
Explanation: BMI = weight(kg) / height(m)². It
provides a quick, non‑invasive screening for underweight, healthy weight,
overweight, and obesity for populations. For children, age‑ and sex‑specific
BMI percentiles are used.
Additional Info: BMI is not perfect (does not
distinguish fat vs muscle), but it is standard for school health screenings.
Waist circumference and skinfold measurements give more detail.
109. The 'Skeletal System' serves the primary function
of: / ਮਨੁੱਖੀ ਸਰੀਰ ਵਿੱਚ 'ਪਿੰਜਰ-ਪ੍ਰਣਾਲੀ' ਦਾ ਮੁੱਖ ਕੰਮ
ਕੀ ਹੈ?
a) Transporting oxygen
b) Digesting proteins
c) Providing structural framework and protection
d) Regulating temperature
Correct Answer: (c) Providing structural
framework and protection / ਢਾਂਚਾ
ਅਤੇ ਸੁਰੱਖਿਆ ਪ੍ਰਦਾਨ
ਕਰਨਾ
Explanation: Bones support the body, protect
vital organs (skull protects brain, ribs protect heart/lungs), allow movement
(with muscles), and store minerals.
Additional Info: The skeletal system also
produces blood cells in bone marrow (hematopoiesis). Adults have 206 bones.
110. Which system is responsible for transport of
nutrients and oxygen to muscles? / ਮਾਸਪੇਸ਼ੀਆਂ
ਤੱਕ ਪੋਸ਼ਕ ਤੱਤ ਅਤੇ ਆਕਸੀਜਨ ਪਹੁੰਚਾਉਣ ਲਈ ਕਿਹੜੀ ਪ੍ਰਣਾਲੀ
ਜ਼ਿੰਮੇਵਾਰ ਹੈ?
a) Digestive System
b) Respiratory System
c) Circulatory System
d) Nervous System
Correct Answer: (c) Circulatory System / ਲਹੂ ਗੇੜ ਪ੍ਰਣਾਲੀ
Explanation: The circulatory system (heart,
blood, vessels) delivers oxygen and nutrients to tissues and removes waste.
Digestive system breaks down food, respiratory system exchanges gases, nervous
system controls.
Additional Info: During exercise, circulation
increases to supply working muscles. Heart rate and blood pressure rise
accordingly.
111. Main function of 'Alveoli' in the human body? / ਮਨੁੱਖੀ ਸਰੀਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਐਲਵੀਓਲਾਈ ਦਾ ਮੁੱਖ ਕੰਮ
ਕੀ ਹੈ?
a) Digestion
b) Exchange of gases
c) Pumping of blood
d) Filtration of waste
Correct Answer: (b) Exchange of gases / ਗੈਸਾਂ ਦਾ ਆਦਾਨ-ਪ੍ਰਦਾਨ
Explanation: Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the
lungs where oxygen diffuses into the blood and carbon dioxide diffuses out.
This is the actual site of gas exchange.
Additional Info: There are about 300 million
alveoli, providing a large surface area (~70 m²). They are surrounded by
capillaries.
112. A 'Sedentary Lifestyle' leads to which postural
issue? / ਅਕਿਰਿਆਸ਼ੀਲ ਜੀਵਨਸ਼ੈਲੀ ਨਾਲ ਕਿਹੜੀ ਆਸਣ ਸਮੱਸਿਆ ਹੋ ਸਕਦੀ ਹੈ?
a) Increased bone density
b) Kyphosis (Rounded upper back)
c) Improved flexibility
d) Increased range of motion
Correct Answer: (b) Kyphosis (Rounded upper
back) / ਕਾਈਫੋਸਿਸ (ਗੋਲ ਪਿੱਠ)
Explanation: Prolonged sitting and slouching
weaken back muscles and tighten chest muscles, leading to increased thoracic
curvature (kyphosis) and forward head posture.
Additional Info: Other postural issues: lordosis
(swayback), scoliosis (sideways curve). Regular exercise and ergonomic
adjustments help prevent these.
113. First step in 'R.I.C.E.' treatment? / 'R.I.C.E.' ਇਲਾਜ ਵਿੱਚ ਪਹਿਲਾ ਕਦਮ ਕੀ ਹੈ?
a) Running
b) Reaction
c) Reheating
d) Rest
Correct Answer: (d) Rest / ਅਰਾਮ
Explanation: R.I.C.E.: Rest (stop activity), Ice
(apply cold), Compression (wrap with elastic bandage), Elevation (raise above
heart). Rest is first to prevent further injury.
Additional Info: R.I.C.E. is for acute soft‑tissue
injuries (sprains, strains, bruises). Do not apply ice directly on skin; use a
cloth.
114. Career focusing on rehabilitation of sports
injuries? / ਕਿਹੜੀ ਪ੍ਰਣਾਲੀ ਖੇਡ-ਸੱਟਾਂ ਦੇ ਸੁਧਾਰ 'ਤੇ
ਕੇਂਦ੍ਰਿਤ ਹੈ?
a) Sports Management
b) Sports Marketing
c) Sports Photography
d) Sports Physiotherapy
Correct Answer: (d) Sports Physiotherapy / ਸਪੋਰਟਸ ਫਿਜ਼ੀਓਥੈਰੇਪੀ
Explanation: Sports physiotherapists specialize
in preventing, diagnosing, and rehabilitating sports‑related musculoskeletal
injuries. They use exercises, manual therapy, and modalities.
Additional Info: Other careers: sports medicine
doctor, athletic trainer, sports biomechanist. Physiotherapy in India is a
recognized paramedical field.
115. Equipment in First Aid kit used to stop bleeding? / ਜ਼ਖ਼ਮ ਤੋਂ ਖੂਨ ਰੋਕਣ ਲਈ ਪਹਿਲਾਂ ਕੀ
ਵਰਤਿਆ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ?
a) Thermometer
b) Sterile gauze and bandages
c) Antiseptic wipes
d) BP Monitor
Correct Answer: (b) Sterile gauze and bandages /
ਰੋਗਾਣੂ-ਮੁਕਤ ਪੱਟੀ ਅਤੇ
ਬੈਂਡੇਜ
Explanation: Apply direct pressure with sterile
gauze pad, then secure with a bandage. Clean wound after bleeding stops.
Antiseptic wipes help prevent infection but do not stop bleeding.
Additional Info: For severe bleeding, use a
tourniquet only if trained. Keep the first aid kit stocked with various sizes
of gauze and bandages.
116. Normal resting heart rate for a healthy teenager? / ਸਿਹਤਮੰਦ ਕਿਸ਼ੋਰ ਲਈ ਦਿਲ ਦੀ
ਆਮ ਗਤੀ ਕੀ ਹੈ?
a) 30-40 bpm
b) 70-80 bpm
c) 150-160 bpm
d) 200-210 bpm
Correct Answer: (b) 70-80 beats per minute /
70-80 ਧੜਕਣ ਪ੍ਰਤੀ ਮਿੰਟ
Explanation: Normal resting heart rate for
adolescents (13‑19) is 60‑100 bpm, often 70‑80 bpm for moderately active.
Athletes may have lower (40‑60 bpm).
Additional Info: Heart rate increases with
exercise, stress, or fever. Maximum heart rate ≈ 220 minus age.
117. Abbreviation 'CPR' stands for: / 'CPR' ਦਾ ਕੀ ਅਰਥ
ਹੈ?
a) Complete Patient Recovery
b) Control of Pulse Rate
c) Common Physical Rehabilitation
d) Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Correct Answer: (d) Cardiopulmonary
Resuscitation
Explanation: CPR is an emergency procedure
combining chest compressions and rescue breaths to maintain circulation and
oxygenation until advanced help arrives.
Additional Info: Hands‑only CPR (compressions
only) is recommended for untrained bystanders. The ratio for trained rescuers
is 30 compressions : 2 breaths.
118. A 'Contusion' is characterized by: / ਕੰਟਿਊਜ਼ਨ (ਨੀਲ) ਦੀ ਮੁੱਖ ਪਛਾਣ
ਕੀ ਹੈ?
a) Break in bone
b) Internal bleeding and bruising without breaking skin
c) Deep cut
d) Displacement of bone
Correct Answer: (b) Internal bleeding and
bruising without breaking skin / ਅੰਦਰੂਨੀ
ਖੂਨ ਵਹਿਣਾ ਅਤੇ
ਨੀਲ ਪੈਣਾ
Explanation: A contusion (bruise) results from a
direct blow that damages small blood vessels under the skin but does not break
the skin. It causes discoloration, swelling, and pain.
Additional Info: Contusions are common in
contact sports. Ice and rest help. Severe contusions may indicate muscle or
bone injury.
120. A 'Balanced Diet' contains: / 'ਸੰਤੁਲਿਤ ਖੁਰਾਕ' ਵਿੱਚ ਕੀ ਸ਼ਾਮਲ ਹੁੰਦਾ
ਹੈ?
a) All essential nutrients in correct proportions
b) Only high-protein foods
c) Large quantities of fats
d) Exclusively vitamins
Correct Answer: (a) All essential nutrients in
correct proportions / ਸਾਰੇ ਜ਼ਰੂਰੀ ਪੋਸ਼ਕ ਤੱਤ
ਸਹੀ ਅਨੁਪਾਤ ਵਿੱਚ
Explanation: A balanced diet includes
carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, water, and fibre in
appropriate amounts to meet daily energy and health needs.
Additional Info: The “plate method” divides into
fruits, vegetables, grains, protein, dairy. No single food provides everything.
121. Nutrient known as 'Body Building' food? / ਕਿਹੜਾ ਪੋਸ਼ਕ ਤੱਤ 'ਸਰੀਰ-ਨਿਰਮਾਣ' ਭੋਜਨ ਕਹਿਲਾਉਂਦਾ ਹੈ?
a) Carbohydrates
b) Fats
c) Proteins
d) Roughage
Correct Answer: (c) Proteins / ਪ੍ਰੋਟੀਨ
Explanation: Proteins are essential for growth,
repair, and maintenance of muscles, tissues, and organs. They are often called
“body‑building” nutrients.
Additional Info: Sources: eggs, meat, fish,
pulses, dairy, soy. Complete proteins contain all essential amino acids.
122. Night blindness is caused by deficiency of: / ਰਾਤ ਦਾ ਅੰਨ੍ਹਾਪਣ ਕਿਸ
ਦੀ ਕਮੀ ਕਾਰਨ ਹੁੰਦਾ ਹੈ?
a) Vitamin B
b) Vitamin C
c) Vitamin A
d) Vitamin K
Correct Answer: (c) Vitamin A / ਵਿਟਾਮਿਨ A
Explanation: Vitamin A is needed to form
rhodopsin, a pigment in the retina for low‑light vision. Deficiency causes
nyctalopia (night blindness).
Additional Info: Sources: carrots, spinach,
sweet potatoes, liver. Vitamin A also supports immunity and skin health.
123. Mineral responsible for strong bones and teeth? / ਮਜ਼ਬੂਤ ਹੱਡੀਆਂ ਅਤੇ ਦੰਦਾਂ ਲਈ ਕਿਹੜਾ ਖਣਿਜ
ਜ਼ਿੰਮੇਵਾਰ ਹੈ?
a) Iron
b) Iodine
c) Calcium
d) Potassium
Correct Answer: (c) Calcium / ਕੈਲਸ਼ੀਅਮ
Explanation: Calcium is the main mineral in
bones and teeth. It also supports muscle contraction, nerve transmission, and
blood clotting.
Additional Info: Dairy products, leafy greens,
tofu, and fortified foods are sources. Vitamin D helps calcium absorption.
125. Main function of 'Carbohydrates' for an athlete? / ਅਥਲੀਟ ਦੀ ਖੁਰਾਕ ਵਿੱਚ
'ਕਾਰਬੋਹਾਈਡ੍ਰੇਟ' ਦਾ ਮੁੱਖ ਕੰਮ
ਕੀ ਹੈ?
a) Main source of energy
b) Repair of tissues
c) Protect organs
d) Absorb vitamins
Correct Answer: (a) Main source of energy / ਊਰਜਾ ਦਾ ਮੁੱਖ
ਸਰੋਤ
Explanation: Carbohydrates are broken down into
glucose, which fuels muscles and the brain during exercise. They are the body’s
preferred energy source, especially for high‑intensity activity.
Additional Info: Athletes often “carbo‑load”
before endurance events. Good sources: grains, fruits, vegetables.
126. Scurvy is caused by lack of: / ਸਕਰਵੀ ਕਿਸ ਦੀ ਕਮੀ ਕਾਰਨ
ਹੁੰਦੀ ਹੈ?
a) Vitamin D
b) Vitamin C
c) Vitamin B12
d) Vitamin A
Correct Answer: (b) Vitamin C / ਵਿਟਾਮਿਨ C
Explanation: Scurvy (bleeding gums, poor wound
healing, fatigue) results from vitamin C deficiency. Vitamin C is needed for
collagen synthesis.
Additional Info: Citrus fruits (oranges,
lemons), amla, tomatoes prevent scurvy. Sailors historically suffered from
scurvy on long voyages.
127. First International Day of Yoga was celebrated on: /
ਪਹਿਲਾ ਅੰਤਰਰਾਸ਼ਟਰੀ ਯੋਗ ਦਿਵਸ ਕਦੋਂ ਮਨਾਇਆ ਗਿਆ?
a) June 21, 2014
b) June 21, 2015
c) June 21, 2016
d) June 21, 2013
Correct Answer: (b) June 21, 2015 / 21 ਜੂਨ 2015
Explanation: The United Nations declared June 21
as International Day of Yoga in 2014, following a proposal by Prime Minister
Narendra Modi. The first celebration was on June 21, 2015.
Additional Info: June 21 is the summer solstice,
the longest day of the year in the Northern Hemisphere, significant in many
cultures.
128. Which is a 'Meditative Asana'? / ਕਿਹੜਾ ਧਿਆਨ ਲਗਾਉਣ ਵਾਲਾ ਆਸਣ ਹੈ?
a) Chakrasana
b) Padmasana
c) Dhanurasana
d) Halasana
Correct Answer: (b) Padmasana / ਪਦਮਾਸਣ
Explanation: Padmasana (Lotus pose) is a seated
meditation posture that promotes stillness, spine alignment, and focus. The
others are advanced or backbends, not primarily meditative.
Additional Info: Other meditative asanas:
Sukhasana, Siddhasana, Vajrasana. They are used for pranayama and dhyana.
129. How many postures are in 'Surya Namaskara'? / 'ਸੂਰਯ ਨਮਸਕਾਰ' ਵਿੱਚ ਕਿੰਨੀਆਂ ਮੁਦਰਾਵਾਂ ਹਨ?
a) 8
b) 10
c) 12
d) 14
Correct Answer: (c) 12
Explanation: Surya Namaskar (Sun Salutation)
consists of 12 distinct asanas (poses) performed in a sequence, often with
breath coordination. Two rounds make 24 movements.
Additional Info: The 12 poses are: Pranamasana,
Hasta Uttanasana, Padahastasana, Ashwa Sanchalanasana, Parvatasana, Ashtanga
Namaskara, Bhujangasana, then reverse order.
130. 'Pranayama' focuses on regulation of: / 'ਪ੍ਰਾਣਾਯਾਮ' ਮੁੱਖ ਤੌਰ 'ਤੇ ਕਿਸ ਨੂੰ
ਦਰੁਸਤ ਕਰਨ 'ਤੇ ਕੇਂਦ੍ਰਿਤ ਹੈ?
a) Digestion
b) Blood circulation
c) Breath
d) Muscle flexibility
Correct Answer: (c) Breath / ਸਾਹ
Explanation: Pranayama is the yogic practice of
controlling breath (inhalation, exhalation, retention). It aims to regulate
prana (life energy) and calm the mind.
Additional Info: Common pranayama: Anulom‑Vilom
(alternate nostril), Kapalbhati, Bhastrika. It is a limb of Ashtanga Yoga.
131. Asana performed immediately after a meal? / ਖਾਣੇ ਤੋਂ ਤੁਰੰਤ ਬਾਅਦ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਣ ਵਾਲਾ ਆਸਣ?
a) Tadasana
b) Vajrasana
c) Bhujangasana
d) Vrikshasana
Correct Answer: (b) Vajrasana / ਵਜਰਾਸਣ
Explanation: Vajrasana (Thunderbolt pose,
kneeling on heels) can be done right after meals as it aids digestion by
increasing blood flow to the stomach and preventing acidity.
Additional Info: Avoid inversions or strenuous
asanas after eating. Wait 2‑3 hours for other poses.
133. 'Relaxation Asana' performed at the end of session?
/ ਅੰਤ ਵਿੱਚ ਕੀਤਾ ਜਾਣ ਵਾਲਾ ਅਰਾਮ ਆਸਣ?
a) Shavasana
b) Mayurasana
c) Bakasana
d) Sarvangasana
Correct Answer: (a) Shavasana / ਸ਼ਵਾਸਣ
Explanation: Shavasana (Corpse pose) is the
final relaxation pose. The body lies flat, eyes closed, focusing on breath and
releasing tension. It integrates the benefits of the practice.
Additional Info: Shavasana is often done for 5‑10
minutes. It reduces stress and lowers blood pressure.
134. In which Indian city was Major Dhyan Chand born? / ਮੇਜਰ ਧਿਆਨ ਚੰਦ ਦਾ ਜਨਮ ਕਿਸ
ਸ਼ਹਿਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਹੋਇਆ ਸੀ?
a) Allahabad (Prayagraj)
b) Lucknow
c) Jhansi
d) Varanasi
Correct Answer: (a) Allahabad (Prayagraj) / ਇਲਾਹਾਬਾਦ
Explanation: Major Dhyan Chand (1905‑1979), the
hockey wizard, was born in Allahabad (present Prayagraj), Uttar Pradesh. He won
three Olympic gold medals (1928, 1932, 1936).
Additional Info: His birthday, August 29, is
celebrated as National Sports Day in India. He scored over 400 international
goals.
135. Year India won its first Olympic Gold in Hockey? / ਭਾਰਤ ਨੇ ਹਾਕੀ ਵਿੱਚ
ਪਹਿਲਾ ਓਲੰਪਿਕ ਸੋਨ ਤਗਮਾ ਕਦੋਂ ਜਿੱਤਿਆ?
a) 1920
b) 1928
c) 1948
d) 1952
Correct Answer: (b) 1928
Explanation: India won its first Olympic gold in
hockey at the 1928 Amsterdam Olympics, defeating the Netherlands 3‑0 in the
final. This began India’s dominance in field hockey.
Additional Info: India won six consecutive gold
medals from 1928 to 1956. The 1928 team was captained by Jaipal Singh Munda.
136. Purpose of Punjabi game 'Kotla Chhapaki'? / 'ਕੋਟਲਾ ਛਪਾਕੀ' ਕਿਸਦੇ ਵਿਕਾਸ ਲਈ ਖੇਡੀ ਜਾਂਦੀ
ਹੈ?
a) Shooting accuracy
b) Speed, alertness, and reaction time
c) Heavy lifting
d) Swimming endurance
Correct Answer: (b) Speed, alertness, and
reaction time / ਗਤੀ, ਸੁਚੇਤਤਾ ਅਤੇ ਪ੍ਰਤੀਕਿਰਿਆ
ਸਮਾਂ
Explanation: Kotla Chhapaki is a traditional
Punjabi chasing/tagging game that requires quick sprints, sudden changes of
direction, and fast reactions to avoid being caught.
Additional Info: It promotes agility,
cardiovascular fitness, and social bonding. Similar to “Kho‑Kho” but simpler
for village settings.
137. Objective in 'Pitthu' (Seven Stones) after knocking
stones? / 'ਪਿੱਠੂ' ਵਿੱਚ ਪੱਥਰ ਡੇਗਣ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਮੁੱਖ ਉਦੇਸ਼ ਕੀ ਹੈ?
a) Catch ball
b) Rebuild pile of stones before being hit
c) Run full lap
d) Throw stones into basket
Correct Answer: (b) Rebuild the pile of stones
before being hit by the ball / ਗੇਂਦ
ਲੱਗਣ ਤੋਂ ਪਹਿਲਾਂ ਢੇਰੀ
ਦੁਬਾਰਾ ਬਣਾਉਣਾ
Explanation: In Pitthu (also called Lagori or
Seven Stones), after the hitter knocks down the stone pile with a ball, the
opposing team tries to hit the players while they attempt to rebuild the pile.
The striker’s team must restore the pile without being hit.
Additional Info: It develops throwing accuracy,
dodging, teamwork, and speed. Popular in rural Punjab and across India.
138. 'Rural Olympics' village in Punjab? / 'ਪੇਂਡੂ ਓਲੰਪਿਕਸ' ਪੰਜਾਬ ਦੇ ਕਿਹੜੇ ਪਿੰਡ
ਹੁੰਦੇ ਹਨ?
a) Sansarpur
b) Anandpur Sahib
c) Harike
d) Kila Raipur
Correct Answer: (d) Kila Raipur / ਕਿਲਾ ਰਾਏਪੁਰ
Explanation: Kila Raipur, near Ludhiana, hosts
the annual “Rural Olympics” (Kila Raipur Sports Festival) featuring unique
traditional sports like bullock cart racing, tent pegging, and rural athletics.
Additional Info: The festival attracts
international participants. Sansarpur is known for producing many hockey
Olympians.
139. Major highlight of Kila Raipur sports festival? / ਕਿਲਾ ਰਾਏਪੁਰ ਖੇਡ-ਉਤਸਵ ਦਾ ਮੁੱਖ ਆਕਰਸ਼ਣ
ਕੀ ਹੈ?
a) Bullock Cart Racing
b) Ice Hockey
c) Yacht Racing
d) Fencing
Correct Answer: (a) Bullock Cart Racing / ਬਲਦ ਗੱਡੀਆਂ ਦੀ
ਰੇਸ
Explanation: The most famous event at Kila
Raipur is bullock cart racing, where decorated bullocks pull carts at high
speed. Other highlights include tractor racing, camel races, and rural kabaddi.
Additional Info: The festival promotes rural
sports and heritage. It is usually held in February.
141. Author of National Anthem 'Jana Gana Mana'? / ਰਾਸ਼ਟਰੀ ਗੀਤ ਦੇ ਲੇਖਕ ਕੌਣ
ਹਨ?
a) Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay
b) Rabindranath Tagore
c) Sarojini Naidu
d) Subhash Chandra Bose
Correct Answer: (b) Rabindranath Tagore / ਰਬਿੰਦਰਨਾਥ ਟੈਗੋਰ
Explanation: Rabindranath Tagore composed “Jana
Gana Mana” in Bengali (1911). It was adopted as India’s National Anthem by the
Constituent Assembly on 24 January 1950.
Additional Info: The song is written in a
literary Bengali‑Sanskrit blend. The full version takes about 52 seconds.
Bankim Chandra wrote “Vande Mataram”.
142. Official ratio of width to length of National Flag?
/ ਰਾਸ਼ਟਰੀ ਝੰਡੇ ਦੀ ਚੌੜਾਈ ਅਤੇ
ਲੰਬਾਈ ਦਾ ਅਨੁਪਾਤ ਕੀ
ਹੈ?
a) 1:2
b) 2:3
c) 3:5
d) 4:6
Correct Answer: (b) 2:3
Explanation: The Indian National Flag must have
a width to length ratio of 2:3 (i.e., the flag’s height : length = 2 : 3). This
is specified in the Flag Code of India.
Additional Info: The three colours: saffron
(top), white (middle with Ashoka Chakra), green (bottom). The Chakra has 24
spokes.
143. Spokes in Ashoka Chakra? / ਅਸ਼ੋਕ ਚੱਕਰ ਵਿੱਚ ਕਿੰਨੀਆਂ ਤੀਲੀਆਂ ਹਨ?
a) 22
b) 28
c) 24
d) 32
Correct Answer: (c) 24
Explanation: The Ashoka Chakra on the Indian
flag has 24 equally spaced spokes. It represents the 24 hours of the day and is
also a symbol of the Dharmachakra of Emperor Ashoka.
Additional Info: The Chakra is navy blue on a
white background. It replaced the earlier spinning wheel (charkha).
146. Approximate duration for National Anthem? / ਰਾਸ਼ਟਰੀ ਗੀਤ ਗਾਉਣ ਲਈ ਕਿੰਨਾ ਸਮਾਂ
ਲੱਗਦਾ ਹੈ?
a) 42 seconds
b) 52 seconds
c) 62 seconds
d) 72 seconds
Correct Answer: (b) 52 seconds
Explanation: The full version of “Jana Gana
Mana” takes approximately 52 seconds to sing at normal tempo. A shorter version
(first and last lines) takes about 20 seconds.
Additional Info: The anthem must be played/ sung
with respect. Standing is compulsory when the anthem is played.
150. Purpose of a 'Yellow Card' in Football? / ਫੁੱਟਬਾਲ ਵਿੱਚ 'ਪੀਲਾ ਕਾਰਡ' ਦੇਣ ਦਾ ਮੁੱਖ ਉਦੇਸ਼
ਕੀ ਹੈ?
a) Permanent disqualification
b) Corrective warning for unsportsmanlike behaviour
c) Give automatic winning goal
d) Signal break
Correct Answer: (b) Corrective warning for
unsportsmanlike behaviour / ਵਿਵਹਾਰ
ਲਈ ਸੁਧਾਰਾਤਮਕ ਚੇਤਾਵਨੀ
Explanation: A yellow card is a caution for
minor offences (e.g., unsporting behaviour, dissent, persistent fouling). Two
yellow cards in a match result in a red card (ejection).
Additional Info: Red card means immediate
ejection. Yellow cards affect tournament suspensions (e.g., accumulation over
matches).
